راه رفتن در خواب یا خواب‌گردی (Sleepwalking) یکی از انواع اختلال خواب است که در آن فرد در حالی که هنوز در خواب عمیق به سر می‌برد، از بستر خود بلند می‌شود و بدون آگاهی یا هوشیاری کامل اقدام به راه رفتن یا انجام فعالیت‌های دیگر می‌کند.

خوابگردی (به انگلیسی: somnambulism) قدم زدن و انجام دادن کارهایی به صورت نیمه‌خودکار در ضمن خواب است بی‌آنکه شخص در بیداری آنچه را انجام داده به یاد آورد. اصولاً خوابگردی منشأ خانوادگی دارد و ارثی است.

Somnambulism /sɒmˈnambjʊlɪz(ə)m/ is the medical term for sleepwalking, which includes undesirable actions such as walking, occurring during abrupt but limited arousals from deep non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and slow-wave sleep.

Sleepwalking commonly occurs between the ages of four and eight years, and children usually outgrow it. Sleepwalking occurs in healthy children, and it is not usually related to significant emotional or psychological problems. It most commonly occurs in the late evening (the first stages of sleep).

خوابگردی یکی از اختلالات خواب است که در رشته روان‌شناسی خواب مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. در این حالت بدن بیدار و ذهن در خواب است. در این حالت ممکن است بیمار در خواب راه برود، بدود، لباس بپوشد، حمام یا ادرار کند، رانندگی کند، اشیاء را پرت کند. بر اساس برخی منابع آماری، هجده درصد جمعیت جهان خوابگرد هستند.

اختلال راه رفتن در خواب معمولا در اوایل شب (یک تا ۲ ساعت پس از خوابیدن) اتفاق می‌افتد. افراد مبتلا به این اختلال ممکن است:

• از تختخواب بلند شوند و شروع به راه رفتن کنند.
• در رختخواب بنشینند و چشم‌هایشان را باز کنند.
• اقدام به راه رفتن در خواب با چشم باز کنند، اما نگاه آن‌ها خیره و بی‌توجه به اطراف باشد.
• به سختی از خواب بیدار شوند.
• پس از بیدار شدن برای مدت زمان کوتاهی گیج باشند.
• صبح روز بعد هیچ خاطره‌ای از خوابگردی نداشته باشند.
• به دلیل مختل شدن خواب شبانه، در طول روز عملکرد مناسبی از خود نشان ندهند.

علاوه بر این، گاهی‌اوقات این افراد در حین خواب:

• کارهای روزمره مانند لباس پوشیدن، صحبت کردن یا غذا خوردن را انجام می‌دهند.
• خانه را ترک می‌کنند.
• رانندگی می‌کنند.
• بدون آگاهی ممکن است درگیر فعالیت جنسی شوند.
• به دلیل سقوط از پله یا پریدن از پنجره آسیب می‌بینند.
• در هنگام بیدار شدن یا در جریان خوابگردی برای مدت زمان کوتاهی رفتار خشونت‌آمیز نشان می‌دهند.

در بعضی موارد افراد خوابگرد به هراس شبانه هم مبتلا هستند که با جیغ زدن و تکان دادن دست و پا مشخص می‌شود.

Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism or noctambulism, is a phenomenon of combined sleep and wakefulness. It is classified as a sleep disorder belonging to the parasomnia family.

Sleep walking occurs when the brain sends signals for the muscles to work (these are usually inactive/paralysed as we sleep, probably for our own safety as we dream), while the mind is in a sleep state.

Many factors can lead to sleepwalking, including: Not getting enough sleep. Stress. Fever.

Sleepwalking does not mean you're living with a mental health disorder. Many people living with mental health conditions never experience sleepwalking, and most people who sleepwalk do not live with a mental health condition.

Also, sleepwalkers' eyes are open, but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake. Often, they think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. After sleepwalking episodes, they probably won't remember ever having done it.

Also, sleepwalkers' eyes are open, but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake. Often, they think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. After sleepwalking episodes, they probably won't remember ever having done it.

They are often disoriented, consequent to awakening: the sleepwalker may be confused and perplexed, and might not know why or how they got out of bed; however, the disorientation will fade within minutes. They may talk while sleepwalking, but the talk typically does not make sense to the observer.

The cause of sleepwalking is unknown. A number of, as yet unproven, hypotheses are suggested for why it might occur, including: delay in the maturity of the central nervous system, increased slow wave sleep, sleep deprivation, fever, and excessive tiredness. There may be a genetic component to sleepwalking. One study found that sleepwalking occurred in 45% of children who have one parent who sleepwalked, and in 60% of children if both parents sleepwalked. Thus, heritable factors may predispose an individual to sleepwalking, but expression of the behavior may also be influenced by environmental factors.

Genetic studies using common fruit flies as experimental models reveal a link between night sleep and brain development mediated by evolutionary conserved transcription factors such as AP-2. Sleepwalking may be inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder with reduced penetrance. Genome-wide multipoint parametric linkage analysis for sleepwalking revealed a maximum logarithm of the odds score of 3.14 at chromosome 20q12-q13.12 between 55.6 and 61.4 cM.

Scattered reports of sleepwalking and sleeptalking go back to ancient times, and they were often associated with religious visions that might be manifest in fits, trances, and convulsions.

Personality disorders are a group of mental disorders. They involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are different from what is considered normal in your culture. The thoughts and behaviors are unhealthy and inflexible. They cause serious problems with relationships, work, and social activities.

The satans among jinn and humankind know this suggestibility well. They exploit it by whispering in our hearts and minds, so that we are tempted to desire and do what we know we should not, and tempted not to desire and do what we know we should. But, it is most important to remember, the doing or not doing remain our responsibility – we are answerable for our failures and, while there is strong hope, there is no certainty of forgiveness hereafter. When God wills a matter, He says to it Be! and it is. This is a power exclusive to Himself. There is no boundary to what we human beings may will or desire, but having words for it will not make it be. Rather, there are processes and procedures that we must work through, in the right order and in the right place at the right time, with the right tools and with the right help from others, so that we achieve our desire or we come to realise that it is not achievable at all, or achievable by means unavailable to us at present.

Because we can have words for a thing, it does not follow that this thing can be real. The persistent discrepancy between how intensely we desire or need something and our inability to make it happen leads often to wishfulness. Fantasies of power afflict people most severely when they are most aware of their incapacity. It is absurd that people are impressed by claims that a man is able to walk on the air or to walk on water, but they are impressed and flock to attend demonstrations of such feats. There is no point in them. Why would anyone with superhuman powers waste them on feats, the demonstrations of which can be duplicated by illusionists and charlatans? How much more useful than walking on water it is that people learn to build a bridge or a boat!

The condition of unsatisfied needs and desires is the fuel of modern advertising. It is a vicious craft, now performed with such skill that people are induced to spend their (actual or borrowed) wealth on images with which the sale-objects are associated, are disappointed but then repeat the purchase when the same objects are re-packaged with a variant image. It is absurd – false eyelashes can express ‘the real you’ – but it must be effective since advertising expenditure is now a major component in the production cost of most mass-produced goods. This habituation of the great majority of people to wishfulness intensifies their frustration and their sense of incapacity to achieve what they believe they desire or need. It makes them less self-aware, less self-reliant, less active, less willing to improve themselves, less able to make common cause with other human beings to do good things together, and less aware of the world around them and how it works. In sum, the success of modern advertising makes people less aware of the reality of their lives; it renders them much more exploitable than people ever were in the past, and much easier to manipulate. Because people do not have the confidence to face reality, reality does not face them and does not prompt them to think for themselves. They let others think and imagine for them; they put their trust in experts who do not have their interests at heart. Although we have no need to use this idiom, we would be right to describe the success of advertising as a victory for the evil jinn, a sort of ‘possession’, since people are not themselves when they respond to advertising by spending their time and money while claiming that they know it is not true. They are right that it is not true; but if it is not true, why do they act on it?

Among the most vicious and evil exploitations of human beings is exploitation of those who have physical or psychological health problems. Such people deserve our care, sympathy and love. For the drugs companies these people are a business opportunity and their aim is to addict them to their products, and they are succeeding in producing more difficult sicknesses among more people in more parts of the world, and by weakening people physically and psychologically, they make them more vulnerable to sicknesses, which increases their market. How much more vile than these highly organised, centralised, rationalised and bureaucratised predators are those dispersed Muslim preachers and scholars who fabricate lies, accuse the sick of being ‘possessed’ by the jinn, and claim expertise in releasing them from ‘possession’. Then, instead of offering to treat them free for the love of God, they charge exorbitant fees, beat them cruelly and, in many cases as reported to me, sexually abuse them. If anyone is possessed by demons, surely it is these vile predators on human suffering.

What are the types of personality disorders?

There are 10 types of personality disorders. They are grouped into three different categories called clusters. The types in each cluster have some similar symptoms and characteristics. The clusters and types are:

Cluster A personality disorders involve unusual and odd thoughts and behaviors. It includes:

• Paranoid personality disorder, in which a person has paranoia (an extreme fear and distrust of others). They may think that someone is trying to harm them.
• Schizoid personality disorder, in which a person prefers to be alone and is not interested in having relationships with others.
• Schizotypal personality disorder, in which a person has unusual thoughts and ways of behaving and speaking. They are uncomfortable having close relationships with others.

Cluster B personality disorders involve dramatic and emotional thoughts and behaviors that can keep changing. It includes:

• Antisocial personality disorder, in which a person has a long-term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others.
• Borderline personality disorder, in which a person has lots of trouble managing their emotions. This makes them impulsive and uncertain about how they see themselves. It can cause a lot of trouble in their relationships.
• Histrionic personality disorder, in which a person is dramatic, has strong emotions, and always wants attention from others.
• Narcissistic personality disorder, in which a person lacks empathy and wants to be admired by others. They think that they are better than others and that they deserve special treatment.

Cluster C personality disorders involve anxious and fearful thoughts and behaviors. It includes:

• Avoidant personality disorder, in which a person is very shy and feels that they are not as good as others. They often avoid people because they fear rejection.
• Dependent personality disorder, in which a person depends too much on others and feels that they need to be taken care of. They may let others treat them badly because they are afraid of losing the relationship.
• Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, in which a person needs control and order. They are perfectionists and can be inflexible. Although some of the symptoms are similar, this is not the same thing as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

نِمِسیس (به یونانی: Νέμεσις) (به انگلیسی: Nemesis) در اساطیر یونان الههٔ نیک و بد، دادگری(عدالت) و تلافی(انتقام)بود. تندیس و پرستشگاه او در روستای رامنوسیا در شمال آتیک جای گرفته است و به همین علت با نام رامنوسیا (به انگلیسی: Rhamnusia) نیز شناخته می‌شود. او به عنوان دختر زئوس یا اوکئانوس شناخته می‌شود، اما برطبق هزیود او فرزند اربوس و نوکس (شب) بود. او مجازات‌کنندهٔ عاشقان بی‌وفا و قانون‌شکنان و مغروران بود. نمسیس به مانند یک زن جدی دارای بال، که در دست چپ خود یک شلاق، افسار، شمشیر، شاخه سیب یا یک ترازو دارد.

نمسیس یونانی: Νέμεσις فرانسوی: نمسیس عنوان: الههٔ نیک و بد جنسیت: مؤنث پدر: اربوس مادر: نوکس

علی رغم اینکه ایزدبانویی قابل احترام بود، نمسیس غم و اندوه فراوانی برای افراد فناپذیری همچون نارسیس به بار آورد که یکی از دخترانی که جواب عشقش را از نارسیس نگرفته بود دعا کرد که باشد روزی که این مغرور و خودشیفته، روزی عاشق خودش شود و نمسیس این کار را برعهده گرفت. نارسیس شکارچی زیباروی و گردن فرازی بود که عاشقان خود را خوار می‌شمرد. نمسیس او را کنار آبگیری فریفت و بازتاب خود را در آب مشاهده نمود و عاشق خود شد، بدون آنکه بداند آن بازتاب تنها چیزی شبیه عکس است. نارسیس نمی‌توانست دست از زیبایی خود بردارد و سرانجام در همان حال جان باخت. نمسیس بر آن بود که هیچ کس نباید خیلی خوب باشد، و همیشه آنانی را که با هدایای بسیار مورد احترام قرار می‌گرفتند، نفرین می‌کرد.

واژهٔ نمسیس در اصل به معنای توزیع‌کننده شانس و اقبال است؛ که این شانس بر اساس شایستگی توزیع می‌گردد. بنابراین، نمسیس به افرادی اشاره دارد که در حق این شایستگی ایجاد اختلال می‌کنند. در تراژدی‌های یونان نمسیس به‌طور عمده خونخواه جرم و تنبیه‌کنندهٔ گستاخی به نظر می‌رسد و همدست آته و ارینی‌ها می‌باشد. او گاهی با آدراستیا قیاس می‌شود که به معنای فردی است که راه گریزی از او نمی‌باشد.

در یونان باستان، پسر جوان زیبارویی بود که به عشق دلباختگان خود توجّهی نمی‌کرد و حتّی به الهه‌هایی که عاشق او بودند بی‌اعتنایی می‌کرد. تا اینکه روزی به کنار چشمه‌ای می‌رود و در هنگام آب نوشیدن، صورت خود را در آب می‌بیند و فریفتهٔ خود می‌شود. برای آنکه خود را در آغوش بکشد، در آب می‌پرد و غرق می‌شود. خدایان به خاطر این ناکامی وی را به گل نرگس (نارسیسیوم) تبدیل می‌کنند تا همواره بر لب آب بروید و خود را نظاره کند.

او مرد جوان بسیار زیبایی بود و دل‌بستگان فراوانی از جمله یک پری به نام اخو داشت. اما به همه پاسخ رد می‌داد. سرانجام یکی از عاشقان وی به نمسیس شکایت کرد و نمسیس، نارسیس را محکوم کرد که عاشق تصویر خود شود. او آن‌قدر در آب استخر به تصویر خود نگریست تا جان داد.

نارسیس جنسیت:مرد پدر:کفیسوس مادر:لیریوپه

نارکیسوس (به یونانی: Νάρκισσος) یا نارسیس یا نَرگِس در اسطوره‌های یونان، پسر کفیسوس و لیریوپه است.

نارسیسیسم در روانشناسی به معنی عشق به خود یا تمایلات دورهٔ طفولیت و بزرگی و خودشیفتگی است.

در روان‌پزشکی نیز نارسیسیسم افراطی، براساس خصیصه‌های روانی و شخصیتی در عشق بیش از اندازه به خود و خودشیفتگی بی‌حد و حصر شناسایی می‌شود و آن را نوعی اختلال روانی می‌دانند. فروید عقیده داشت که بسیاری از خصیصه‌های خودشیفتگی با بشر به دنیا می‌آیند و او نخستین کسی بود که

خودشیفتگی را با روانکاوی توضیح داد. آندرو موریسون نیز ادعا کرد، در دوران بزرگسالی، میزان مفیدی از خودشیفتگی در افراد وجود دارد یا به وجود می‌آید؛ که آن‌ها را قادر می‌سازد تا در رابطه برقرار کردن با دیگران، فردیت خود را نیز در نظر بگیرند.

واژهٔ نارسیسیسم را در روانشناسی فردی گاه به جای اصطلاحاتی مانند تحقیرکننده، پوچی، خودپرستی یا خودپسندی استفاده می‌کنند و گاهی نیز در جامعه‌شناسی آن را به جای نخبه گرایی یا بی‌تفاوتی نسبت به سرنوشت دیگران می‌نامند.

در سال ۲۰۱۹میلادی محققان دانشگاه کوئینز بلفاست ایرلند نتیجهٔ تحقیقاتی را منتشر کردند که طبق آن خودشیفته‌ها شادتر از مردم دیگر هستند و به نظر می‌رسد کمتر در معرض استرس و افسردگی قرار می‌گیرند.

نارسیسیسم از ریشه لغت یونانی‌شدهٔ نارسیس (نرگس، اسطوره نارسیسیوس) گرفته شده‌است. نارسیس یا نرگس، مرد جوان خوب چهره‌ای بود که از عشق اخو (اکو) دوری کرد و برای همین محکوم به عشق ورزیدن به تصویر چهره خود در کنار رود آبی شد عده زیادی تلاش کردند تا به او نشان دهند چیز های زیبا و دلنشین تر از چهره او وجود دارد ولی او نپذیرفت و فقط به چهره خود نگاه کرد تا وقتی که از فرط خستگی و گرسنگی به درون رود افتاد و جان باخت. نام گل نرگس از آن جهت که برکنار رود و دریا می افتد و مانند چشمی است که خود را در رود می نگرد برگرفته از این افسانه است.البته به بیانی دیگر نارسیس وقتی به عشق خود (چهره انعکاس یافته خود) نمی‌رسد، آن‌قدر غمگین بر لب چشمه می‌نشیند تا تبدیل به گل می‌شود که باز هم نه هر گلی گلی نرگس زرد چرا که او در کنار رود مریض میشود و به رنگ زرد درمیاید.

پیشینه در روان‌شناسی

به عقیدهٔ فروید، این مفهوم برای اولین بار در روانشناسی توسط پل ناک به کار گرفته شد. وی بعدها این عقیده را تصحیح می‌کند و توضیح می‌دهد که در واقع هولاک الیس را باید ابداع‌کنندهٔ این اصطلاح دانست. خود الیس توضیح داده‌است که او این اصطلاح را در سال ۱۸۹۸ برای توصیف نگرشی روانی به کار برد؛ و ناک در سال ۱۸۹۹ این را برای معین کردن نوعی از انحراف جنسی استفاده کرده‌است. به عقیدهٔ الیس، او و ناک را باید به‌طور مشترک ابداع‌کنندهٔ این اصطلاح دانست.

equipotentiality (ˌē-kwə-pə-ˈten(t)-ility) همه‌توانی

در نظریه یادگیری، این اصل که هر جفت محرک را می توان به آسانی بدون در نظر گرفتن نوع یا منشاء آنها به هم متصل کرد. همچنین قانون تساوی نامیده می شود.

همه‌توانی احساسی است که بسیاری از طرفداران فروید آن را جزئی ذاتی در کودکی می‌دانستند. همان‌طور که فروید و فرنزی گفته‌اند کودکان برای مدت‌های زیادی با احساس خودبزرگ بینی زندگی می‌کنند. پس از تولد کودکان احساس قدرت زیادی می‌کنند و هرجا نتوانند کاری را از پیش ببرند احساسات دردناکی در ارتباط با از دست دادن این قدرت را تجربه می‌کنند. فروید عقیده داشت در افراد خودشیفته این احساس همه توانی که به صورت معمول در کودکان وجود دارد مجدداً تجربه می‌شود.

نشانه‌های یک خودشیفته (npd): the symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder

1. تکبر
2. بازی پاتولوژیک
3. اضطراب جدایی
4. ماهیت استثماری
5. سطوح بالای خود اهمیتی
6. الگوی رفتاری فرصت طلب
7. حسادت به دستاوردهای دیگران
8. نیازهای همنوعان را درک نمی کنند.
9. انتظار احترام و ستایش عظیم را دارند.
10. ایده های غیر عملی و قدرت بی حد و حصر
11. آداب رسمی حتی در روابط شخصی و نزدیک
12. دیگران را به خاطر شکست هایشان سرزنش می کنند.
13. باور دارند که آنها بهتر از همه بچه های اطراف هستند.
14. بیزاری از نگاه، که در آن به چشم گوینده نگاه نمی کنند.
15. در توانایی ها یا موفقیت های شخصی خود اغراق می کنند.
16. ناتوانی در پذیرش انتقاد سازنده و آسیب رساندن یا توهین کردن
17. احساس می کنند که آنها حق هر چیزی که می خواهند را دارند .

فرهنگ خودشیفتگی

مورخ و منتقد اجتماعی کریستوفر لاک این موضوع را در کتابش به نام «فرهنگ خودشیفتگی» که در سال ۱۹۷۹ منتشر شد، توصیف می‌کند. او فرهنگ خودشیفتگی را به این صورت توصیف می‌کند که هر عملی که فرد انجام می‌دهد در راستای ارضاء و بدست آوردن لذت درونی خود است. این توصیف نیز در مواقعی به کمک لیبرالیسم رفته‌است و برای توصیف صفات درونی لیبرالیسم مانند مسائل اجتماعی، جنسیتی یا مذهبی به کار برده می‌شود. با تعاریفی که از خودشیفتگی به عمل آمده‌است، بیشتر محققان و جامعه شناسان، این صفت را تحلیل برنده اجتماع و جامعه می‌دانند و آن را در نقطه ماکزیمم فردگرایی قرار داده‌اند و فردی که دچار خودشیفتگی بی‌اندازه است، هیچ علاقهً درونی به دیگران ندارد.

خودشیفتگی در روانشناسی تکامل

واژهٔ خودشیفتگی همچنین در روانشناسی تکاملی در رابطه با مکانیزم جفت گزینی (به انگلیسی: assortative mating) نیز استفاده می‌شود. کتاب انتشار یافته آلوارز سامارایز در این باره بحث می‌کند. شواهد جمع‌گزینی انسانی بر مسائلی مانند سن، ضریب هوشی، قد، وزن، ملیت، تحصیلات، محل اقامت یا محل کار یا خصیصه‌های شخصیتی توجه دارد و از آن‌ها به عنوان ایجاد رابطه‌کننده، نام می‌برد. در نظریه «خود کاوشگری علاقه» فردیت‌ها به نحوی غیر هوشیارانه به دنبال تصویری از خودشان در دیگران می‌گردند و این جستجو شامل معیارهای زیبایی، تناسلی و جسمی در زمینه خودارجاعی است.

مطالعات آلوارز مشخص می‌کند که تشابهات چهره‌ای بین زوج‌هایی که ازدواج می‌کنند، یکی از قدرتمندترین شاخصه‌های مکانیزم جمع گزینی ناپیدا بین افراد است. زوج‌ها بر اساس یک فرایند ذهنی درونی ترجیح می‌دهند هم‌چهره‌های خود را برگزینند.

شیوع اختلال خودشیفته

برآوردهای شیوع اختلال شخصیت خودشیفته بر مبنای DSM_5، دامنه ای از صفر تا 6/2 درصد را در جمعیت عمومی در بر می‌گیرد.

See also:

• How does a narcissistic child act?
• What makes a narcissist avoid you?
• How do narcissists show their devotion and loyalty?
• How “Devotion” Helps to Mask a Narcissistic Relationship

self-righteousness /ˌsɛlfˈrʌɪtʃəsnəs/

Meaning of self-righteous in English

believing that your ideas and behavior are morally better than those of other people: He's so self-righteous - like he's never done anything wrong in his life. Those individuals become self-righteous and claim they are being discriminated against when in fact they are not.

People who are identified as self-righteous are often negatively perceived as being vainglorious and self-deceiving. Vainglorious individuals have an inflated sense of their importance, achievements, or abilities and seek excessive admiration and attention.

Today, the elder son is like those who, in self-righteousness, shun brethren who do not live up to their standard of righteousness (Proverbs 20:6; Galatians 6:3; Titus 3:5). Such people do not realize that their self-righteousness is as the filthy rags of the prodigal son (Isaiah 64:6).

خودحق‌ پنداری، خودبرتر پنداری، خودمقدس پنداری یا خودراست پنداری (به انگلیسی: Self-righteousness), احساس یا نمایش برتری اخلاقی (معمولاً متکبرانه) است که از این حس ناشی می‌شود که باورها، اعمال، یا نسبت‌های فرد نسبت به میانگین افراد دیگر فضیلت بیشتری دارند. افراد خود پرهیزگار غالباً .تحمل عقاید و رفتارهای دیگران را ندارند.

خوددانشمند پنداری: جمله‌ای مشهور، منسوب به سقراط است که می‌گوید: ‌«می‌دانم که نمی‌دانم‌» جمله ای که در این زمانه و بخصوص در بین ما ایرانی‌ها به ندرت شنیده می‌شود. در مراودات روزمره، در خلال گفت‌وگوهای رایج ساده، به افرادی برمی‌خوریم که خود را در هر موضوعی (علمی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی، هنری، نظامی و ...) فوق تخصص و شنیدن عباراتی مانند نمی‌دانم یا اطلاعی در این زمینه ندارم، از دهان آنها تقریباً محال است.
خوددانشمند پنداری تعریف دقیق و مشخصی ندارد و طیف گسترده‌ای را نیز در‌برمی‌گیرد.

این افراد در همه محافل اجتماعی از قبیل میهمانی‌های خانوادگی کوچک، کوچه و بازار، محل کسب و کار و... به اظهار فضل می‌پردازند.
آنها تصور می‌کنند که ابردانشمند، بحرالعلوم و همه چیزدان (به انگلیسی Poly math) هستند و به همین دلیل در قبال هر موضوعی (از فیزیک کوانتوم، ترمودینامیک، شیمی آلی، ژنتیک و اکولوژی گرفته تا علوم سیاسی، روابط بین الملل، اقتصاد‌، علوم نظامی‌، تاریخ‌، فلسفه و ... ) نظری و تحلیلی دارند.
افراد خوددانشمند پندار با مطالعه یک یا دو کتاب در زمینه علوم سیاسی (یا تماشای چند برنامه سطحی سیاسی تلویزیونی ) خود را سیاستمدار و تحلیلگر مسائل سیاسی و با مطالعه سطحی یک یا دوکتاب اقتصادی یا فلسفی، خود را اقتصاددان یا فیلسوف می‌دانند.

وجه اشتراک این افراد یکی از عقاید خودمهم انگاری Self important ideas است.
عقاید خودمهم انگاری یکی از نشانه‌های شیدائی (‌Mania) است . چنین افرادی زیاد صحبت می کنند که این مشکل فشار کلام Pressure of speech نامیده می‌شود.
برخی نیز افکار خودبزرگ‌بینی (‌Grandiose) داشته و خود را مبتکر، مکتشف، مبدع، مخترع و تولیدکننده آثار و اختراعات و اکتشافات بزرگ می‌دانند.

خود مقدس پندار تصور می کند که توسط خداوند انتخاب شده در نتیجه حتماً اعمال و رفتارش در اعلا درجه کیفیت است و در قله ی عقل و شعور انسانیت ایستاده و به عبارتی خدا به این بشر چیزی اعطا کرده که بقیه مخلوقاتش را از آن بی بهره ساخته و محروم! پس اعتراض به خود مقدس پندار یا گرفتن مچ او یا آشکار کردن اشتباه او بسیار خطرناک است.

خود مقدس پنداری ارتباط مستقیمی با جهالت و عدم پذیرفتن اشتباه دارد.

●در نیمه‌های شب، وقتی که تابش نور ماه هر شکاف کوچک در سنگ‌های عظیم دیوار ندبه را رمزآلود می‌کند، آدم‌هایی در جستجوی تجربه‌ای ماوراء‌الطبیعی به این نقطه می‌آیند. اورشلیم آنها را از خود بیخود کرده است و دیوار ندبه این حس را دو چندان می‌کند. آنها می‌آیند، دعا می‌خوانند، در خلسه فرومی‌روند و سرانجام با حالتی جنون‌آمیز روانه بیمارستان روانی می‌شوند!

«سندروم اورشلیم» نخستین بار توسط دکتر «ئیربارائیل» به صورت بالینی معرفی شد.

How to tell if you're self-righteous?

“I am right, you are wrong. My way is better than your way.” But self-righteousness can also be reflected in a low sense of self-worth (“God can't possibly love me”), an inflated sense of self-importance (“I need to do more for God”), and outright unbelief (“I am beyond the reach of his grace”).

What personality disorder is self-righteous?

Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a mental health condition characterized by a high sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy for others. Diagnosing NPD can be challenging as some symptoms overlap with other personality disorders.

Is self-righteous bad?

Being self-righteous hurts us. First, it's off-putting to our family, friends, and associates. When we act self-righteously, it comes across as arrogance. Also, people generally don't like to be judged.

See also:

• How do I stop self-righteousness?

Prosopometamorphopsia (PMO) is a rare and intriguing neurological condition characterized by the visual distortion of faces. Individuals with this disorder perceive faces in an altered or distorted manner, ranging from slight changes in facial features to severe distortions that significantly impact recognition. This phenomenon is distinct from prosopagnosia, which is the inability to recognize faces. Instead, prosopometamorphopsia involves recognizing faces but seeing them in a distorted way, making social interactions challenging and sometimes distressing. The condition typically affects only faces, leaving other objects in the visual field undistorted. One notable feature of this rare condition is that it can make faces appear 'demonic'.

The term "prosopometamorphopsia" was first introduced by Macdonald Critchley in 1953 to specifically describe visual distortions related to faces (Critchley, 1953). Unlike other visual hallucinations or distortions that might affect various objects or scenes, prosopometamorphopsia is unique in its specificity to faces. This specificity underscores the specialized processing our brains undertake for facial recognition and highlights the complexity of our visual and cognitive systems.

Individuals with prosopometamorphopsia often report seeing faces as warped, elongated, or otherwise altered. Some might perceive facial features as being out of proportion or misplaced, and in more severe cases, faces may appear animal-like or monstrous. These distortions can vary in their severity and consistency, sometimes appearing intermittently or being triggered by certain conditions or stimuli.

The condition primarily affects the way faces are perceived, not necessarily other objects or scenes. This suggests a localized disruption in the brain areas responsible for face processing, such as the fusiform face area (FFA). The FFA is known to play a crucial role in facial recognition, and disruptions here can lead to the specific distortions seen in prosopometamorphopsia.

The experience of prosopometamorphopsia can be profoundly unsettling for those affected. It can interfere with social interactions, as recognizing and interpreting facial expressions is a fundamental aspect of human communication. For some, this condition may lead to social withdrawal or anxiety, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing the disorder.

While prosopometamorphopsia is a rare condition, it offers valuable insights into the workings of the human brain, particularly the neural mechanisms underlying face perception. Ongoing research aims to deepen our understanding of this condition and explore potential treatments and interventions to help those affected manage their symptoms more effectively.

Causes of Prosopometamorphopsia

The causes of prosopometamorphopsia are multifaceted and can be attributed to various neurological and physiological factors. This condition, characterized by the visual distortion of faces, often stems from disruptions in specific areas of the brain responsible for facial recognition and processing. Understanding these underlying causes is essential for diagnosing and potentially treating prosopometamorphopsia.

One primary cause of prosopometamorphopsia is damage or dysfunction in the fusiform face area (FFA) of the brain. The FFA, located in the temporal lobe, is critically involved in recognizing and interpreting faces. Damage to this area can occur due to traumatic brain injury, stroke, or tumors, leading to the visual distortions characteristic of prosopometamorphopsia (Kanwisher & Yovel, 2006). This damage disrupts the normal processing pathways for facial recognition, resulting in the altered perception of faces.

Another significant cause is epilepsy, particularly temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizures originating in the temporal lobe can interfere with the normal functioning of the FFA and other related neural circuits. During or after a seizure, individuals may experience transient episodes of prosopometamorphopsia. These episodes may vary in frequency and intensity, depending on the severity and control of the epilepsy (Liu et al., 2011).

Migraine aura is also associated with prosopometamorphopsia. Migraines, especially those accompanied by visual auras, can temporarily alter neural activity in the visual cortex and other brain regions involved in visual perception. During a migraine aura, individuals may experience visual distortions, including those affecting the perception of faces (Kale et al., 2008). These distortions are usually temporary and subside as the migraine resolves.

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, can also contribute to prosopometamorphopsia. These conditions cause progressive deterioration of brain function, affecting various cognitive and perceptual processes. As the disease progresses, the neural pathways involved in facial recognition may become impaired, leading to distorted facial perceptions (Kempster et al., 2010).

Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, have been linked to prosopometamorphopsia as well. In schizophrenia, abnormal brain activity and neurotransmitter imbalances can affect visual processing, including the perception of faces. Patients with schizophrenia may report seeing faces as distorted or altered, reflecting the broader perceptual and cognitive disturbances characteristic of the disorder (Phillips & David, 1995).

What are the 5 types of schizophrenia?

In the past schizophrenia used to be divided into 5 subtypes including paranoid, catatonic, disorganized, residual, and undifferentiated. Presently experts understand that individuals with schizophrenia often experience overlapping symptoms throughout their lives and such subtypes are not always useful.

In some cases, drug use and intoxication can induce prosopometamorphopsia. Hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD and psilocybin, can alter brain function and visual perception, leading to temporary visual distortions, including those affecting faces. These drug-induced distortions typically resolve once the effects of the drug wear off (Nichols, 2016).

Understanding the diverse causes of prosopometamorphopsia is crucial for developing appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. By identifying the underlying neurological or physiological disruptions, healthcare professionals can better tailor treatments to address the specific needs of individuals affected by this condition.

Reference:

• all-about-psychology.com/prosopometamorphopsia.html
• lifeadjustmentteam.com/here-are-the-5-types-of-schizophrenia-you-should-know

Sleep paralysis or “jathom” fact or myth?

What is Jathom?

Jathum (sleep paralysis) refers to kabus, which is not a myth or fable, rather it is something real that does happen; it may be caused by physical factors or it may be caused by the jinn.

What is sleep paralysis caused by?

Sleep experts believe sleep paralysis might be partly genetic. Other causes include stress and disrupted sleep schedules (think jet lag or pulling an all-nighter). Several studies have also found links between social anxiety or panic disorder and sleep paralysis.

When someone wakes up suddenly from sleep and finds his body paralyzed, and he cannot move any part of his body except the eyes, and he tries to scream but cannot because his tongue has stopped moving and speaking; then the person enters a state of panic and horror. If only the situation stopped at this, but this awakened person began to feel that he is being watched, and he may see a ghost behind him wanting to swallow him, or see it above his chest and press with all its terrifying ghostly strength on his chest, or feel the presence of people roaming his room, or hear strange terrifying sounds... This terrifying phenomenon occurs to about 20 to 60% of people, as reported by one study.

What is the story of this paralysis and horror that happened to this awake person?

During sleep, especially in the dream sleep stage and rapid eye movement (REM), we may dream that we are running, flying or moving in any way, then the mind issues strict orders to all the body's organs to remain still and not move except for the movement of the eyes and the movement of the diaphragm so that breathing does not stop, and this phenomenon is called sleep paralysis. The paralysis that occurs as a result of these orders issued by the mind aims to prevent the body's organs from being harmed during the dream (action), and it is temporary paralysis. The tragedy occurs due to waking up during this stage of sleep, which is called the dream stage (REM Sleep), but if that period passes without waking up, there will be no problem.

Factors that help you wake up during sleep paralysis:

Braddon Peter says that there are factors that lead to (wrong) waking up during the dream sleep stage (Reem Sleep) and the accompanying sleep paralysis:

1. Sleep deprivation.
2. Psychological stress.
3. Anxiety disorders.
4. Disruption of the sleep routine.
5. ...

Here we come to this question: What are the events of the horror movie (The Incubus)?

When waking up (wrongly) in the stage of dream sleep and rapid eye movement (REM), the mind thinks that the body is still asleep and the owner of the body is still dreaming; then the mind plays its role with the utmost conscience and sincerity and continues to issue orders to the organs not to move and to be completely paralyzed, and at the same time, the subconscious mind is the one that depicts those ghosts and voices (because the person is in a dream), but the person is awake; therefore, he is struck with extreme panic and terror from what is happening and sees it before his eyes and hears it with his ears, and of course, that person does not know that the events of the horror movie that are happening in front of him are a dream, and the tragedy that is currently occurring is due to his wrong awakening during the dream; therefore, he thinks that it is from the touch of the devil or what is called the incubus, and it is not so.

These terrifying images that are seen during waking up in the sleep paralysis stage, as well as the frightening sounds that are heard, are the result of the activity of a part of the brain called Amygdale, and this location in the brain is responsible for fear and its symptoms, and it is active during the sleep paralysis stage. The various and terrifying images of the incubus reflect the fears rooted in the human psyche. These terrifying images are embodied in (the ethereal dimension) during dreams, and of course, whoever dreams while awake will see the wonder of the many forms of ghosts, genies, our mother the ghoul, Abu Rijl Masloukha, Abu Rijl Mahrouqa, Abu Rijl Haunted by all the goblins…

The etheric dimension: It is the exit of an etheric body or bodies during sleep. During the exit of these etheric bodies, dreams occur, and some dreams are lucid dreams, or you know that you are dreaming during the dream, or you wake up suddenly during the dream and continue dreaming while you are certain that you are dreaming, and sometimes you control the dream scenario and its events, and this phenomenon is well known to those who practice what is called "astral projection or exiting the body". During the etheric dimension, the embodiment of everything you think about occurs, even abstract ideas can be embodied in this etheric dimension; Therefore, whoever thinks about the genie will see him before his eyes with his hideous horns, his gelatinous body, and his thick hair. Whoever thinks about our mother the ghoul will see her before his eyes with her disheveled hair, her blue fangs, and her jaw ready to pounce on him. He will hear the hissing of her voice as she says, “If it weren’t for your greeting before your words, I would have eaten your flesh before your bones.” Whoever thinks about Abu Rajl Masloukha will see him clearly and will see his flayed leg. Whoever thinks about vampires will see them in their terrifying forms, wearing their shrouds, their purple faces, their blood-red eyes, their red noses, and the blood dripping from them… This explains what happens to individuals who wake up during the sleep paralysis stage, as they embody - in ethereal dimensions - the fears planted in their souls since early childhood.

The incubus comes in different forms according to the culture of peoples:

The Japanese incubus is a woman with ghostly skin and long black hair who wanders around the room before trying to strangle the victim. In the United States, the incubus is an alien creature that tries to kidnap people and conduct experiments on them. This is related to the appearance of flying saucers in the 1950s and 1960s. In East Africa, the incubus is a mythical creature that resembles a bat and has one eye, and they call it popobawa. As for the incubus of Muslim peoples, especially Arabs, it is the demon or jinn . It is expected that the incubus of the rural people is the nadaha, while the incubus of the people of the sea cities is the sea fairy, which is half human and half fish, as is famous in those legends... This clip has a dog moving during a dream; because its mind does not issue strict orders to the organs to remain still and not move at all, as happens in humans.

Sleep paralysis and the phenomenon of leaving the body

Sleep paralysis and fasting:

During fasting, the energy field or aura around the physical body is activated. The aura reflects the strength and weakness of the physical body of living beings; the stronger, wider and brighter the aura, the healthier and stronger the body is, and if the aura is weak, the body is weak and sick… In other words, we can say that the individual's mood and psychological state are reflected in the weakness and strength of the aura surrounding his physical body; the happy and comfortable person whose mood is (high) will have a strong and bright aura, and vice versa… This applies to the soul itself; the believer who is very faithful will have the best mood, and thus his aura will be strong, while the atheist and infidel will have disturbed thoughts and feelings and his psychological state will be the worst, so we find his aura weak and in the worst condition. Of course, this rule does not apply in general. During fasting, the aura around the bodies of fasting people is very strong; Therefore, it is expected that sleep paralysis increases during fasting due to the increased activity of the etheric bodies, because these etheric bodies descend forcefully into the physical body, and the person suddenly wakes up during the sleep paralysis stage, and sleep paralysis occurs. The etheric bodies are a reflection of the increased activity of the energy field or (aura) around the physical body, and they are active during fasting, and the sleep organization itself is disturbed in the month of Ramadan; therefore, sleep paralysis occurs more during the day than at night.

Treatment of sleep paralysis:

1. Try to remove fear, horror and thoughts planted in the human psyche since childhood.

   

2. Avoid disturbances in the natural sleep system such as sleeping during the day for no reason other than sleeping to sleep or staying up at night.
3. Avoid stimulating drinks before bed such as coffee and tea.
4. Avoid heavy meals, alcohol and spicy substances before bed.
5. Avoid watching scary movies before bed.
6. Avoid any negative or frightening thoughts before bed, and recite the bedtime supplications, because they will provide you with positive energy and tranquility.
7. Exercising, taking a warm bath, drinking milk with honey dissolved in it, eating foods that contain tryptophan such as whole grains such as wheat and cornflakes, and having sex, are things that bring deep sleep.
8. In severe cases, it is recommended to see a psychiatrist, as chronic and intractable cases need to be treated in groups.

Finally, if you wake up from sleep during the sleep paralysis stage, all you have to do is calm down and breathe very deeply. In just a few seconds, you will see that the incubus has dissipated and evaporated into the air...

If nightmares are a problem for you or your child, try these strategies:

• Establish a regular, relaxing routine before bedtime. A consistent bedtime routine is important. Do quiet, calming activities — such as reading books, doing puzzles or soaking in a warm bath — before bed. Meditation, deep breathing or relaxation exercises may help, too. Also, make the bedroom comfortable and quiet for sleep.
• Offer reassurances. If your child is struggling with nightmares, be patient, calm and reassuring. After your child awakens from a nightmare, respond quickly and soothe your child at the bedside. This may prevent future nightmares.
• Talk about the dream. Ask your child to describe the nightmare. What happened? Who was in the dream? What made it scary? Then remind your child that nightmares aren't real and can't hurt you.

  

• Rewrite the ending. Imagine a happy ending for the nightmare. Encourage your child to draw a picture of the nightmare, "talk" to the characters in the nightmare or write about the nightmare in a journal. Sometimes a little creativity can help.
• Put stress in its place. If stress or anxiety is an issue, talk about it. Practice some simple stress-relief activities, such as deep breathing or relaxation. A mental health professional can help, if needed.
• Provide comfort measures. Your child might feel more secure if he or she sleeps with a favorite stuffed animal, blanket or other comfort object. Leave your child's door open at night so that he or she won't feel alone. Leave your door open, too, in case your child needs comfort during the night.
• Use a night light. Keep a night light on in your child's room. If your child wakes up during the night, the light may be reassuring.

Solutions to prevent nightmares راهکارهای جلوگیری از دیدن کابوس

1. همیشه با وضو بخوابید
2. نجاسات رو از محل رختخواب بر طرف کنید
3. سوره ناس و فلق قبل از خواب
4. تنظیم دما و نور پردازی مناسب یک خواب راحت
5. مشاجره و بحث قبل خواب نداشته باشید
6. به ماه و ستارگان و طبیعت زیبا نگاه کنید
7. از خوردن قهوه ،مشروب ،چای سنگین و غذای پرچرب پرهیز کنید
8. قبل از خواب یه لیوان آب گرم بنوشید
9. لباس پاکیزه و راحت مناسب خواب (از لخت خوابیدن به شدت پرهیز کنید)
10. حیوان خانگی و یا پرنده در اتاق خواب نگهداری نکنید
11. فیلم یا بازی وحشتناک (و یا +18) از روی گوشی ،تبلت و یا کامپیوتر شخصی و همچنین اتاق خواب دارید، سریع پاک کنید
12. کمتر به قبرستان ،آرامستان و یا بیمارستان رفت و آمد کنید
13. آیینه مقابل رختخواب نباشد (ترجیحا آیینه قدی در اتاق خواب قرار ندهید) چون باعث بی‌قراری ذهنی می‌شود. آینه را روبه‌روی در ورودی قرار ندهید...

Reference:

• arabicpost.net/منوعات/2020/06/18/شلل-النوم-أو-الجاثوم-حقيقة-أم-خرافة؟
• Brandon Peters' article "Understanding the Horrors of Sleep Paralysis".
• the article "The Incubus" by Professor Muhammad Al-Asmi on the Bayt Al-Safa website.
• mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nightmare-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353520
• nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation/health-effects

The power of music is undeniable, as it can evoke emotions and transport us to different places and times. However, research shows that music can also induce harmful effects, particularly when it comes to rumination.

When a person dwells on negative thinking or feelings, it can contribute to the development of depression and anxiety or worsen existing conditions. This is especially concerning for teenagers, as music can be a powerful tool for self-expression and emotional regulation.

As parents, it is important to have conversations with our children about the effects of music on mood and cognition, and to help them understand how to avoid using music to reinforce unhealthy coping strategies.

Rumination, or repetitive thinking or dwelling on negative feelings, can occur when a teen is listening to sad music to induce rumination and therefore experiences affective harm via the worsening of mood. In addition, researchers find that music-induced harm can occur when people listen to self-identified sad music during moments of psychological distress. Among teens, this can be potentially harmful when music is used with the intention of attaining feelings of support, but instead, the music intensifies symptoms which can result in behaviors that are unhealthy or harmful. Researchers also find that it is important to understand the influence of peer subcultures and the potential influence of preferred music on self-injurious behavior.

Music can elicit physiological responses that counteract pain, for example, the release of endorphins (Beaulieu-Boire et al. 2013). Music can induce relaxation through entrainment effects to slow breathing and heartbeat (Bradt, 2010). Music facilitates a sense of control over pain (Linnermann et al.

اثرات موسیقی را از جنبه فیزیکی و جسمانی:

دربدن انسان، یک سلسله اعصاب وجود دارد که به آن، سلسله اعصاب نباتی می گویند. سلسله اعصاب نباتی به دو دسته تقسیم می شوند : 1ـ اعصاب سمپاتیک. 2ـ اعصاب پاراسمپاتیک.اعصاب سمپاتیک وظیفه اش تنگ کردن مردمک چشم، جلوگیری ازترشح ، بالا بردن فشارخون، تنگ کردن ضربان قلب و... می باشد و باعث می شود که انسان در کارهای زندگی بیدار و در امور،کوشا و فعّال باشد.اعصاب پاراسمپاتیک برعکس اعصاب سمپاتیک عمل می کند . ارمغان آن برای انسان، رخوت وسستی و بی حالی،خواب، غفلت، سهو و نسیان و اندوه حزن و بیهوشی است و وظیفه اش انقباض عضلات صاف ، ایجاد ترشح ، تقلیل فشارخون، تنگ کردن مردمک چشم وکند کردن ضربان قلب و... می باشد.

بدیهی است وقتی از خارج تحریکاتی روی اعصاب شروع می شود اعصاب سمپاتیک وپاراسمپاتیک به میزان تحریکات خارجی تعادل خود را از دست داده پائین یا بالا می روند. ازجلمه تحریکات خارجی که منجر به عدم تعادل بین اعصاب سمپاتیک وپاراسمپاتیک می شود ارتعاشات موسیقی است که باعث اثراتی دربدن می شود که ما به گوشه ای ازآن ها اشاره خواهیم کرد:

ازبین رفتن تعادل بدن که منوط به مختل شدن تعادل و توازن بین دوسیستم اعصاب سمپاتیک و پاراسمپاتیک است منجر به پدیدآمدن ضعف اعصاب می شود.دکتر «آرنولدفریدمانی» پزشک بیمارستان نیویورک ورئیس کلینیک سردرد، باکمک دستگاههای الکترونی تعیین امواج مغز وتجربیاتی که بدست آورده ثابت کرده که یکی از عوامل مهم خستگیهای روحی وفکری وسردردهای عصبی،گوش دادن به موسیقی رادیو است مخصوصاً برای کسانی که به موسیقی آن دقّت وتوجّه می کنند.شورای ملّی تحقیقات کانادا هم نتایجی از تحقیقات خود اعلام کرده که قابل توجّه است : صدای موسیقی ، هر قدر هم که ضعیف باشد ، آشفتگی فوق العاده شدیدی در کار مغز ایجاد می کند ، صدای ملایم موسیقی حتّی درموقع خواب دشمن سلامت است.

به هر حال درست است موسیقی یک هنر است ولی ازطرف دیگر، فقط یک محرّک برای روح و روان انسان است . به عبارت دیگر موسیقی چیزی را به انسان نمی دهد وآن حالات مختلفی را که برای موسیقی گفته شد به او اعطا نمی کند بلکه صرفاً یک محرّکی است که آن حالاتی را که در انسان ها وجود دارد تحریک می کند و بر می انگیزد.

Music contains not only artistic/aesthetic aspect, but the most important is the emotional aspect. Music can be analysed by considering a variety of its elements, or parts (aspects, characteristics, features), individually or together. There are studies that show, however, that music can impact our mood long-term, increasing depression or anxiety. Certain songs, certain lyrics, certain genres of music are more likely to intensify depression or anxiety, sometimes as much or more as outside stressors and environmental factors.

پس موسیقی دارای دو جنبه است:

1. جنبه روانی
2. جنبه محتوایی

و امّا شکل روانی موسیقی ،آن تأثیری است که انسان در درون خود ، با شنیدن موسیقی احساس می کند.

افلاطون مى گوید: «وقتى ریتمِ موسیقى تغییر مى کند، اساس قوانین جامعه نیز با آن متحوّل مى شود». چرا؟ چون این دیگر عقل نیست که حاکمیت دارد.؛ بلکه موسیقى و طَرَب برخاسته از آن، عقل را به حاشیه مى راند و عقل نیز اساسِ جامعه است و این عقل است که دین را مى شناسد و ما را نسبت به آن ترغیب مى کند.
جان کلام اینکه: «موسیقى، عقل را به خواب مى برد». یعنى: او را از محاسبات، واقعیّات و اقداماتِ متناسب، باز مى دارد
موسیقى با تأثیراتى که در اَبعادِ شادى آفرینى، خیال آفرینى و تحریک آفرینى دارد، آن چنان به تقویت احساس مى پردازد که عقل را - هر چند به طور موقت - ضعیف مى کند. اشخاصى که زیاد سرگرم به موسیقى هستند، اغلب افرادى بى اراده و مسامحه کار و در مقام تعقّل و تفکّر راکد و ضعیف اند.

Music addiction and Jinn related depression

One of the key signs of possession is that a person is addicted to music and cannot generally go without it for a few days without getting upset.

There are many things that can contribute to rapid state changes in a person such as certain foods, drugs etc and most people are careful of them. However music which is an external stimulus that can cause a person to experience emotional highs and lows. And when it is withdrawn it can cause them to crash and this is often ignored and overlooked.

For a Jinn to have an adverse influence over a praying muslim, is normally difficult. However if Shaytaan can change a person's state or feeling rapidly from slow to fast or high to low etc, the person has less control over his mind and his body and Shaytaan's influence increases. A simple example is alcohol. When a person drinks alcohol, their state is changed and it makes it easier for that person to commit haraam whereas normally they might not have even considered it. Similarly music has the affect of rapidly changing a persons state. Some people may claim listening to music makes them feel happy.
This may seem true but there are other types of music capable of producing different states and emotions in a person. Such as blues music which can change a person's state to sad. Rap music can change a persons state to aggressive etc. So what we would like to emphasize is not the actual emotion itself but the fact that music is capable of changing a persons state and changing it rapidly.

Very few people can listen to music in a detached manner. And if they could, what would be the point as they would not 'enjoy' it. A changing of state is just the beginning for some people. It affects them to the point that they become in a 'trance' with it and the early sign of trance is moving their body hypnotically to it without realising and repeating the words. Therefore someone who is having state change issues such as bipolar depression (i.e. swinging feelings of high and low) - the last thing they need is something that contributes to such state changes.

In terms of Ruqyah and Jinn we know from experience that many people get affected by Jinn when in trance like states. In fact most magicians, before they try to do magic on a person, try to put them in to trance like states. In terms of music you can see at concerts and also in so called Qawaali session's, people going into trances, getting up dancing and then collapsing.

To this point we have not mentioned anything in regards to music being halaal or haraam just what I hope any logical individual would agree with. However I will mention now that perhaps we should take note that music is often accompanied by words and those words generally do not speak of Allah. And so a person repeats those words and the Angels write them down. So Shaytaan gets a double victory here by firstly stopping us from saying the words of Allah i.e. we should be reciting as much Qur'an as we can or doing the Dhikr of Allah. And secondly by us now doing the Dhikr of useless stuff which may actually be sinful.

So we advise anyone afflicted with music addiction to replace it with Dhikr, for this is the greatest thing that may protect a person.

In the hadith it says that Allah commanded Yahya (as) to enjoin five things upon the Children of Israel, one of which was: "I command you to remember Allah, for this is like a man who is being pursued by the enemy, then he comes to a strong fortress and saves himself from them. Similarly a man cannot save himself from his enemy except by means of dhikr." [Al-Waabil al-Sayyib, 60.]

See also:

• How Music Can Influence the Body: Perspectives From Current Research
• Is Music Addiction Possible? Here's What to Know
• Music addiction and Jinn related depression
• Possessed by Jinn while listening to Music
• Listening To Music In The Bathroom
• Listening to music side effects
• Does music affect memory?
• How is music created?
• Why jinns like musics

Meaning of obsessive in English

thinking about something or someone, or doing something, too much or all the time: He's obsessive about punctuality. like, typical of, or caused by an obsession: obsessive secrecy. obsessional behavior.

What is an example of an obsession?

Examples of obsession signs and symptoms include:

• Fear of being contaminated by touching objects others have touched.
• Doubts that you've locked the door or turned off the stove.
• Intense stress when objects aren't orderly or facing a certain way.

How do I know if I am obsessed?

The following are some typical signs of obsession: Thinking about the other person most of the time. Stalking the other person online or following them around. Forging relationships with everyone close to them, such as friends and family, to have a part in all of their interpersonal interactions.

What are the 5 types of obsessions?

There are five main types of obsessions: perfectionism (often related to symmetry, organization, or rules), relational (doubts or worries about a relationship, typically a significant other), contamination, causing harm, and unwanted intrusive thoughts (often with sexual or violent themes).

Obsession is a feeling of intense infatuation while love is rooted in mutual care and support. Someone who is obsessed with their partner often sees them as someone who needs constant protection and monitoring.

4 degrees of demonic possession

Possession doesn’t happen overnight. It’s a process, and it always requires an open door: playing with Ouija boards, attending or conducting séances, even going on a ghost hunt with friends. No matter how innocent one’s intentions, dark spirits can take advantage of such opportunities. In his 1990 book “An Exorcist Tells His Story,” Father Gabriele Amorth, chief exorcist of Rome who passed away Sept. 16 at the age of 91, identified the following stages of demonic activity:

1. Infestation. This is “haunted house” type stuff: footsteps, voices, apparitions, furniture or other objects moving without human agency, odors with no discernible source. Rather than directly affecting people, infestations affect only property, objects, or even animals.

2. Oppression. Activity steps up with physical attacks, sleep disturbances including regular nightmares, frequent and severe illnesses, major depression or anxiety, severe financial or employment problems, and relationship troubles. While these things happen in the normal course of life, all of them happening at once or in rapid succession could be a sign of demonic presence.

3. Obsession. As the name implies, at this stage the afflicted person has a hard time functioning, being constantly preoccupied with thoughts of the demonic activity commandeering his or her life, and frequently with thoughts of suicide as well. Sleep becomes nearly impossible.

All three of these stages can be addressed by a competent deliverance minister. However, the last stage is reserved for official exorcists...

4. Possession. Contrary to popular belief, possession is not demons entering a person’s body and taking over his or her soul. A person’s free will is never removed, only severely compromised. In possession, a person is so physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually broken down by going through the other three stages that demonic spirits are able to seize occasional control over that person’s actions.

Telltale signs of possession include superhuman strength, speaking in a language the victim doesn’t know, inordinate aversion to holy objects, knowledge of events or facts the victim could not possibly know, and according to Diocese of San Jose exorcist Gary Thomas (whose story was made famous in the book and movie “The Rite”), changes in facial features.Telltale signs do not include 360 degree head spins.

Children may have an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) when unwanted thoughts, and the behaviors they feel they must do because of the thoughts, happen frequently, take up a lot of time (more than an hour a day), interfere with their activities, or make them very upset. The thoughts are called obsessions.

Personal experiences and OCD Some theories suggest that OCD is caused by personal experience.

For example: If you've had a painful childhood experience, or suffered trauma, abuse, discrimination or bullying, you might learn to use obsessions and compulsions to cope with anxiety.

See also:

• Demon possession, obsession and oppression
• What mental illness makes you obsess over someone?

Question:

On very hot nights I sleep without covering my body with a sheet and I've heard that I mustn't sleep without covering the body because of Jinn according to a Hadith. Please help me to understand...

1. A'shiq Jinn" is a Jinn that's settled in the body and exploits the victim in a lewd and offensive manner. This is a form of oppression that should be eliminated by using the methods of Ruqyah prescribed in the Shariah.
2. Jinn A'shiq cases are usually complex and tangled. However, even though this subject isn't something new, many people have a lot of misunderstandings and misconceptions in regard to it. Sheikh al Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (RA) said "The possession of man by Jinn can be out of sexual desire, evil notions or love just as can happen with humans. This is fahsha (immoral) and forbidden conduct, that is if the two agreed on the act. However, if Jinn is acting on this out of his own will, it is oppression." The one who's committing this act must be informed of their actions and they will be judged according to Allah and His Messenger's laws which were sent for man and jinn. Ibn Taymiyyah said taking pleasure of something or someone is to get what they want from the person as they wish or desire. This falls under all types of pleasure. But no oppression will go unpunished either in this world or the next as Allah Subhanahu Wata' ala says in the Quran: " And mention (O Muhammad), the Day when He will gather them and say, "O company of Jinn! You have (misled) many of mankind". And their allies among mankind will say, " Our Lord! Some of us made use of others, and we have (now) reached our term which You appointed for us." He will say, "The Fire is your residence wherein you will abide eternally, except for what Allah wills. Indeed, Your Lord is Wise and Knowing."

There are many different types of JINN ASHIQ in terms of character, look, strength, etc. Some possess a person and feel the emotions we humans feel towards someone such as love, care, and the need to protect the victim they possess. Some on the other hand show more sinister types of emotions such as possessiveness and "enjoy" the body as though they own it by causing pain and many complex physical and psychological problems. Either way, jinn ashiq can cause the victim immense difficulties and complications in their lives, relationships, and their physical and mental well-being.

The Jinns have all the emotions a human has, only Jinns being a lesser, rejected lifeform compared to humans, likewise they are less adept in their ability to channel their emotions aright.

People could be afflicted with these types of jins for various reasons.

TYPES OF ASHIQ JINN

1. Types that love the body and are infatuated by it and are possessive over it. These types of jinn treat the body as an object and have complete disregard for the person as a whole. They treat the body as though they have full rights over it and are protective over it. In some cases, these types of jinn feel they are bound to the body by marriage causing many problems between husbands and wives or in cases of those who are single, by making it impossible for their victim to get married.
2. Types that are fascinated by a certain part of the body. Eg, the eyes, the hands, the face, hair, etc. These types would "fall in love" with parts of the body of their victim and enter the body and cause a lot of problems many of which are mentioned in the examples above i.e, causing marital problems, health issues, problems in getting married or marriage proposals not materializing for little or no reason at all.
3. Types that are a lot more sinister and cause fahsha. These types of jins are a lot eviler and commit rape, physical and mental ailments, and violence against their victim. They may sometimes take possession of the partner of the victim so they can take sexual pleasure against the former. Just like humans, these types of jinns could have forbidden sexual inclinations towards the same sex or animals.
4. Jinn animals who naturally would want to have sexual contact with other animals hence making the person commit (or have desires to do) vile and immoral acts towards animals like we have seen in many places in the world today. In many cases of jinn ashiq possession, the victims do not have control over their desires and sometimes are confused as to why they have such thoughts or why they find themselves committing these acts. This could lead many to severe depression, anxiety, loss of Imaan, and in worst cases suicide.
5. Jinn ashiqs that come every night to commit sexual acts with their chosen victim. These types don't live in the body but come and go as they please. Even though they're not fully living in the victim's body, they still are possessive and feel they have rights over it.

   

6. Jinn ashiqs are "travelers" so to speak. These types come less often and live elsewhere either traveling between other victims' bodies or in their world but come to their chosen target from time to time to commit lewd and sexual acts.
7. Jinn ashiq types that will not be intimate with the person but are obsessed with the person. They would watch or rather stalk their victim from far and take pleasure from this. These types take their time in getting to know their victim from outside of the body and just like human stakes, take pleasure from obsessively watching their victim until they finally decide to possess the person.
8. Pedophile ashiqs. These types are again extremely evil and sinister. They would possess a person from a very young age and groom them to be their "partner" by living inside their body.

In any of the cases above jinn, ashiq could live inside a person for a long time where they become intertwined with their victims and their personalities. In such cases, it's sometimes very difficult to differentiate between the human and the jinn and hard to diagnose for raqis. These jins become so used to living inside the body of humans, they cannot live any other way and are very stubborn. They would spend their lives possessing a person, sometimes unnoticed until the victim dies then the jinn would leave that person and enter another victim until they die.

ASSAULTS/ATTACKS OF JINN ASHIQ AGAINST THEIR VICTIM

Some of the symptoms of jinn ashiq besides the ones we've mentioned above are feeling of alienation from the victim. Most sufferers from this affliction have very low self-esteem and could feel withdrawn and prefer to be alone than socializing. They could feel undesirable to the opposite sex or feel they are ugly or unattractive when this isn't the case in reality.

Or in some cases where a brother or sister is offered a marriage proposal, the ashiq could the person appear unattractive either physically or in

character to the potential suiter hence not letting the proposal go any further. They can also cause skin ailments and other health issues causing more traumas against their victim to make sure they are in their 'control'. In some extreme cases, the victim could feel the attack physically happening and being pinned down and raped. This can be extremely damaging, traumatic, and very disturbing.

REASONS WHY A PERSON COULD BE POSSESSED

First and foremost, we as Muslims believe, without a shadow of a doubt that everything happens by the Will and Decree of Allah. Everything good or bad has been decreed long before our creation and must come to pass.

A person could be afflicted with possession of an Ashiq jinn through Sihr, 'Ayn, through revenge by the jinn for various reasons, purely through unjust oppressive treatment, curiosity, and inquisitiveness, etc.

People could also be possessed with animal jinns as we mentioned earlier. These animals could form some form of attachment to the human they possess and exhibit ashiq characters. These cases could be determined through frequent and reoccurring dreams by the victims where they see a certain type of animal. The animal can also be exposed through ruqyah and exhibit the characteristics of the animal in question.

These animal jinns can be categorized in two.

• Territorial - such as lions, tigers, wolves, etc.
• Non-territorial - such as pigs, monkeys, etc.

PROFILING ASHIQ JINN

Profiling the jinn has paramount importance as it helps the patient and the raqi deal with the issue accordingly and find the best treatment for the problem. It's very important to know why the ashiq is there to uproot the problem in the best and effective way possible.

There are several ways ruqa'a can use to diagnose Ashiq jinn from patients and one of them is through dreams. Patients can have clear, reoccurring dreams which can be a clear indication of Ashiq possession. This usually makes it easy to profile the jinn as it's exposed this way.

The individual could also develop a sudden habit or fixation on haram actions such as gambling, drinking alcohol, smoking, having a strong compulsion to commit Zina or committing the act, etc. In some extreme cases, the individual could suddenly start having pedophilia thoughts, engaging in sexual acts with animals, dressing up as a woman, or going to the extreme by having reconstructive surgery to change their sex and so on. These sudden changes of character on the patients could also be an indication that a jinn ashiq could be involved, especially if it's to do with sexual acts.

Ashiq jinn in general has a dislike for children. Especially the children belonging to the victim they possess. This is also a tell-tell sign of a jinn Ashiq. They also prevent the individual from having any physical contact with anyone, especially spouses, and create problems in marriages. They would do so until they have caused the couple to separate in hope of having the individual to themselves. In some cases, we find that jinn Ashiq can let the marriage happen if the interaction is minimal. For instance, if the ashiq knows that the couple will have a distant relationship for whatever reason, if the husband is away most of the time or vice versa. They would let the marriage happen as they are confident that they will have the individual to themselves majority of the time.

Some jinn Ashiq could be a king or a commander who has many other jins working under him. These are usually hard to profile as they plan out their attack and cover their tracks by using their soldiers or slaves who'd also possess the individual. These high profiles Ashiq jins can possess multiple individuals and can also use afflictions such as 'Ayn, sihr, or hasad to cover their tracks which may prolong the profiling process for the raqi.

Before profiling the jinn it's also very important to tackle the patient's habits.

Pedophilia is an ongoing sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children. It is a paraphilia, a condition in which a person's sexual arousal and gratification depends on objects, activities, or even situations that are considered atypical. Pedophilia is defined as recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children—generally age 13 years or younger—over a period of at least six months. Pedophiles are more often men and can be attracted to either or both sexes.

Pedophilic disorder can be diagnosed in people who are willing to disclose this paraphilia, as well as in people who deny any sexual attraction to children but demonstrate objective evidence of pedophilia. For the condition to be diagnosed, an individual must either act on their sexual urges or experience significant distress or interpersonal difficulty as a result of their urges or fantasies. Without these two criteria, a person may have pedophilic sexual desires but not pedophilic disorder.

One of the more controversial and ethically troubling paraphilias is somnophilia, a condition in which individuals are sexually aroused by the act of engaging in sexual activities with a person who is asleep or unconscious.

Are they going through the adolescence stage? Do they have a sexual addiction?

Do they have an addiction to watching pornography?

Were they sexually abused as a child or adult? (most ashiq enter the victim through this act)

Once these issues are tackled and the patient is given guidance on how to deal with the issue. After determining whether these problems are from the person or the jinn. it then becomes easier to tackle the affliction.

Even Though some jinn Ashiq can be very protective and not cause too many problems to the individual hence going unnoticed, other Ashiq jinns on the other hand cause a lot of harm to the patient.

some examples below.

- They would make the individual feel depressed and isolated by making them commit haram.

- They would slowly erode the victim of their Iman where a sister could decide to take her hijab off, and a man could shave his beard etc.

- They would create the habit of speaking to non-mahram men/women and erode them of their haya (in some cases, till these communications lead them to commit haram)

- They would sometimes seek the help of a Saahir jinn to practice on the individual they possess causing them to have multiple problems.

- Making them let themselves go and no longer care about their appearance or hygiene

- Causing them several illnesses that medicine can not explain

- Causing them illnesses that are diagnosed medically such as cancer and other terminal diseases.

- Causing physical assaults such as scratches in different parts of the body, private parts swelling up, causing pain and discomfort to the private area which can't be treated medically.

- Making the person commit a lot of harams and develop haram habits

- In cases of women patients, she may be prevented from looking at other men (this usually occurs in high profile ashiq and this can also happen to men)

- They can make a man have an erection throughout the day causing so much discomfort till he commits masturbation or commits Zina

- They can make teenagers and adults take indecent pictures and send them to strangers.

- They can stop a woman from reaching a climax with her husband or stop her from having any form of sexual pleasure causing frustration within the marriage (in cases of men, by causing impotence or the inability to satisfy his wife)

- Taking full possession of the wife or husband during intimacy

- Encouraging Anal intimacy (this could also be from the human)

- Drawing unwanted attention from men/women to the individual causing them to be afflicted with 'ayn.

- Possessing victims from one generation to another and not leaving their prey until they die. These are bonafide ashiqs who go on causing fahsha until they die which is when the chain is broken. (Or through the Will of Allah Azza Wajal and following a ruqya program, adhering to the Deen, perfecting one's ibadah and being upright, etc)

Note: Jinn Ashiq in general is extremely sinister and causes much corruption especially adultery in society. Once the individual is diagnosed with jinn Ashiq and the individual's habits are tackled (if any), it's advised the person repents for their shortcomings and deeds that might strengthen the ashiq.

If the individual is single, they need to get married or fast regularly to protect their gaze and private parts.

If the person is married, they should start working on their relationship are encouraged to show more love, affection, and understanding to their spouse which goes hand in hand with the treatment. The wife is encouraged to be more obedient to her husband and try to please him for the sake of Allah Azza Wajal as this causes so much pain to the enemy that's possessing her.

The husband should show more love, attentiveness, and understanding to his wife and try his best to please her. If the patient is committing any of the haram acts we've mentioned above, they should give up the habit, repent and strive to come closer to Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala in Whose Hands lay all cure. It's also important to belittle the issue and not become over paranoid or stressed about it after diagnosis.

The individual has to understand that the problem is there and the solution is at hand inshaa Allah. Be firm in their conviction that Allah will cure them and that this is a test and decree from Him Subhanahu Wata'ala and be patient knowing that with every hardship there will come sweet ease.

What does Islam say about nightmares?

Another Hadith by the Prophet (pbuh) said, “A good vision (ru'ya) is from Allāh and a bad dream (hulm) is from Satan; so if one of you sees anything (in a dream which he dislikes), he should spit on his left side thrice and seek refuge with Allāh from its evil, and then it will never harm him” (Sahih al-Bukhari, 3118).

For centuries, people have attributed these symptoms to something evil. Interestingly, culture plays a significant role in an individual's interpretation. And in Islamic folklore, it's Jinn Al Kaboos that are said to possess humans with a nightmare and the entity causing the heavy weight on the chest.

What causes sleep paralysis in Islam?

Some Muslims believe that sleep paralysis is a result of jinn's interference or even possession. In Arabic, sleep paralysis is known as "al-ghafalah" or "al-wahm al-masnu'". Some Islamic scholars and exorcists believe that jinn can cause sleep paralysis to afflict individuals, especially during the night.

Why shouldn't we wear tight clothes while sleeping?

• Anything bounding our movements while sleeping can turn very disturbing.
• The tight clothing also hinders the smooth blood circulation in the body.
• The tight lowers can create pressure on our abdomen, hence not letting our intestines function properly.
• Loose clothing gives enough space to skin for breathing.

What is the 10 3 2 1 rule for sleep?

10 hours before bed: No more caffeine. 3 hours before bed: No more food or alcohol. 2 hours before bed: No more work. 1 hour before bed: No more screen time (shut off all phones, TVs and computers).

See also:

• Etiquettes of Sleeping
• Is it better to sleep cold or hot?
• 5 reasons to NEVER sleep naked
• Sleep paralysis is not a Jinn attack
• Looking in the mirror while naked: Psychology
• Demons Seek Bodies to Express Themselves
• What can jinns do to you while you're asleep?
• Why is it better to sleep on your left/right side?
• Somnophilia vs. Sleeping Beauty Syndrome: Psychology
• People Who Love Animals More Than People: Psychology
• Practices before Sleeping Advised by the Prophet You Can Do
• How the Jinn Control Humans Without Their Knowledge
• Can I sleep in the state of impurity? What happens if you don't do ghusl?

Magic, witchcraft and demonic possession
from an Islamic perspective By G. Hussein Rassool

Belief in witchcraft, sorcery, magic, ghosts and demons is widespread and pervasive among the global Muslim communities. This is manifested in the theological concept of magic, witchcraft and Jinn from the Qur’an and the Sunnah and from the therapeutic incantations.

A substantial number of Muslims continue to believe in the existence of witchcraft and very few Muslims believe the use of sorcery is an acceptable practice under Islam. The use of magic and witchcraft are forbidden in Islam whether contemporary magic (just deception or illusion), black magic (dark), sorcery and witchcraft spell (false miracles).Various forms of witchcraft and divination are mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh or Old Testament), which are expressly forbidden.

Sihr (Magic) has wider meanings which include magic or black magic (in the use of Jinn), dowsing, exorcism, sorcery and witchcraft. Witchcraft refers to toxic actions that are carried out by persons presumed to have access to the supernatural world. It is the power of the Jinn that the sorcerer or magician uses to commit devilish acts. Many Muslims developed all sorts of physical or psychological disorders or both as a result of magic and witchcraft. Jinn are responsible for the cause of Sihr and you cannot have Sihr without Jinn. Throughout the Muslim world, there are sorcerers, fortune tellers and traditional healers; many are in violation of interpretations of the Shari’ah (Islamic law). This leads the magicians or healers that use magic or witchcraft into the realm of major Shirk which refers to the association of a partner with Allah, the summoning other than God and relying on others beside Allah. The texts of the Qur’an and Sunnah indicate that the ascribing of rivals to Allah sometimes puts a person beyond the pale of Islam or nullifies Islam. This chapter examines witchcraft and magic (Sihr) from the Qur’an, Sunnah and from classical and contemporary scholars.

Sorcery or witchcraft is performed with the aid of the Jinn to cast spells and incantations intended to bring harm to others. The purposes in the use of magic and witchcraft are related to love, marriage, sexual dysfunction, fertility, excess bleeding, separation, health and sickness, lethargy.

Hysteria and epilepsy are the disorders that are most frequently associated with witchcraft or demonic possession, especially if the presenting symptoms include shaking, tremors, convulsions or of loss of consciousness. In cases of witchcraft and magic, the individual may present with a number of disorders including psoriasis, eczema, stomach ulcers, high blood pressure and heart disease, stress, anxiety and depression.

Somatoform disorders are a group of psychological disorders where the individuals express subjective feelings of the conditions. The somatoform disorders represent the severe end of a continuum of somatic symptoms and many physical symptoms appear in different parts of the body. The symptoms include unexplained extreme headaches, weight loss or gain, tiredness, nightmares, changes in voices, abdominal pain, seizures, episodes of miscarriage, amenorrhoea, infertility, impotence, persecutory feelings and hallucinations.

Physical symptoms or painful complaints of unknown aetiology are fairly common in those presenting with witchcraft and possession, and this is referred to as functional neurological disorder. In clinical practice, very few individuals are actually possessed by Jinn or have been bewitched even though they may show or express symptoms of witchcraft or Jinn possession. There are differential diagnosis issues as the conditions of witchcraft or magic may present diagnosable symptoms but the aetiology is of unknown origin or the trigger is abnormal.

In Islam, there is no separation between psychological and spiritual health as they are both intertwined in the worldview of Muslims toward health and illness behaviours. Healthcare practitioners should be aware not to develop stereotypical assumptions about beliefs and practices, but be cognisant of individual health beliefs and behaviours. Some of the significant religio-cultural issues faced by mental health practitioners and counsellors include respect of the individual’s dignity and privacy, community roles and importance, genuineness of provider, gender preference of the healthcare provider, modesty issues for men and women, language barriers, therapeutic touch and the use of prayer and visitation of the sick for healing purposes.

The existence of Jinn is proven from The Noble Qur`ân. They are another creation of Allah Ta’ala, to say that only wolves can kill Jinn is incorrect.

In Islam, Muslims believe in the existence of all of the creatures that Allah SWT has created, which other than mankind includes Jinn and Angels. Both Jinn and Angels exist parallel to humans, and there are interactions between them and mankind, however we cannot see them, thus the term of the "unseen." Here is some general knowledge we have about angels and jinn, which we know from Islam's two main sources of evidence, the Qur'an and Hadith (recorded deeds of Prophet Muhammad SAW).

witchcraft, traditionally, the exercise or invocation of alleged supernatural powers to control people or events, practices typically involving sorcery or magic. Although defined differently in disparate historical and cultural contexts, witchcraft has often been seen, especially in the West, as the work of crones who meet secretly at night,

indulge in cannibalism and orgiastic rites with the Devil, or Satan, and perform black magic. Witchcraft thus defined exists more in the imagination of contemporaries than in any objective reality. Yet this stereotype has a long history and has constituted for many cultures a viable explanation of evil in the world. The intensity of these beliefs is best represented by the European witch hunts of the 14th to 18th century, but witchcraft and its associated ideas are never far from the surface of popular consciousness and—sustained by folk tales—find explicit focus from time to time in popular television and films and in fiction.

For some Muslim patients, the primary presenting mental health problem issue may be psycho-spiritual in nature so that a full spiritual assessment is warranted. Expressions of symptoms may differ among the diverse communities of Muslims. In any case of alleged Jinn possession or witchcraft, underlying organic disorders should be excluded by physical examination and investigations. Barriers in the assessment process may include: the patient’s belief about psychological problems; language barriers; the patient’s attitudes toward accepting the Western method of treatment interventions; or the healthcare services offered may be culturally inappropriate. Any underlying mental health problems should be treated by the usual psychiatric methods, but the clinician should respect the religious and cultural issues and avoid directly contradicting statements from the patient or relatives about the reality of possession or victims of evil eye, Jinn possession or witchcraft. The aims of the chapter are to provide a framework for assessment and screening of Muslim patient clients in the therapeutic process and to examine the diagnosis of evil eye and Jinn possession.

G. Hussein Rassool, PhD, is a Professor of Islāmic Psychology and an Islamic psychotherapist. He is involved in the development of Islāmic psychology and psychotherapy as a discipline and is a pioneer in the theoretical and conceptual development of Islāmic psychology education.

Reference:

• taylorfrancis.com
• britannica.com/topic/witchcraft
• newmuslimessentials.com/angels--jinn.html

تسخیرشدگی شیطانی (به انگلیسی: Demonic possession) به حالتی گفته می‌شود که تصور می‌شود طی آن، اشخاص توسط موجودات شرور فراطبیعی تسخیر شده‌اند و معمولاً ارواح پلید یا شیطان مسبب آن دانسته می‌شوند. باورمندان به این مقوله معمولاً پاک شدن خاطرات یا فراموش کردن شخصیت خود، حالت تشنج، صرع یا غش (به شکلی که به نظر می‌رسد فرد در حال احتضار است) و همچنین حرکت دادن متناوب دست‌ها (شبیه فیگور نواختن پیانو) را جزو علائم تسخیر شدن توسط شیطان برمی‌شمارند.

تسخیر

واژگان مترادف و متضاد

۱. استیلا، اشغال، تسلط، تصرف، چیرگی، غلبه، فتح، مسخرسازی
۲. جادو، سحر، فسون، فسونگری
۳. رامسازی، مطیعسازی ≠ سرکش
۴. رام کردن، فرمانبردار کردن، مطیع گردانیدن
۵. تصرف کردن
۶. جادو کردن، افسون کردن

Demonic / Spirit possession is an unusual or altered state of consciousness and associated behaviors purportedly caused by the control of a human body by spirits, ghosts, demons, or gods.

The concept of spirit possession exists in many cultures and religions, including Buddhism, Christianity, Haitian Vodou, Hinduism, Islam, Wicca, and Southeast Asian, African, and Native American traditions. Depending on the cultural context in which it is found, possession may be considered voluntary or involuntary and may be considered to have beneficial or detrimental effects on the host.

Various types of creatures, such as jinn, shayatin, ʻafarit, found within Islamic culture, are often held to be responsible for spirit possession. Spirit possession appears in both Islamic theology and wider cultural tradition.Although opposed by some Muslim scholars, sleeping near a graveyard or a tomb is believed to enable contact with the ghosts of the dead, who visit the sleeper in dreams and provide hidden knowledge. Possession by ʻafarit (a vengeful ghost) are said to grant the possessed some supernatural powers, but it drives them insane as well.

Jinn are much more physical than spirits, however, due to their subtle bodies, which are composed of fire and air (marijin min nar), they are purported to be able to possess the bodies of humans. Such physical intrusion of the jinn is conceptually different from the whisperings of the devils. Though not directly attested in the Quran, the notion of jinn possessing humans is widespread among Muslims and also accepted by most Islamic scholars. Since such jinn are said to have free will, they can have their own reasons to possess humans and are not necessarily harmful. There are various reasons given as to why a jinn might seek to possess an individual, such as falling in love with them, taking revenge for hurting them or their relatives, or other undefined reasons. At an intended possession, the covenant with the jinn must be renewed. Since jinn are not necessarily evil, they are distinguished from cultural concepts of possession by devils/demons. It has been argued that the concept of jinn-possession is alien to the Quran and derives from pagan notion of jinn.

In contrast to Jinn, the shayatin are inherently evil. Iblis, the leader of the shayatin, only tempts humans into sin by following their lower nafs. Hadiths suggest that the demons/devils whisper from within the human body, within or next to the heart, and so "devilish whisperings" (Arabic: waswās وَسْوَاس) are sometimes thought of as a kind of possession. Unlike possession by jinn, the whisperings of demons affects the soul instead of the body.

تسخیر شدن توسط شیاطین در علم پزشکی یا روانپزشکی تعریف مشخصی ندارد و به‌عنوان یک عارضه شناسایی نشده‌است. راهنمای تشخیصی دی‌اس‌ام-۵ نشان می‌دهد که ممکن است در بعضی فرهنگ‌ها، تغییر شخصیت افراد بر اثر عارضهٔ اختلال چند شخصیتی به عنوان تسخیرشدگی توسط شیاطین شناخته شود. باور به مسخر شدن توسط شیطان، این نگرانی را ایجاد کرده که ممکن است دسترسی بعضی بیماران روانی به خدمات درمانی به دلیل این نوع اعتقادات محدود شود.

در بسیاری از فرهنگ‌ها و مذاهب مفاهیمی دال بر تسخیر افراد توسط شیطان وجود دارد که البته در جزئیات تفاوت‌های زیادی با هم دارند. قدیمی‌ترین ارجاعات به این موضوع، متعلق به سومری‌ها است که معتقد بودند مسبب تمام بیماری‌های جسمی و ذهنی «دیو بیماری‌ها» به نام گیدیم است. کاهن‌های سومری که عمل خارج کردن شیاطین از جسم افراد را انجام می‌دادند، با نام آشیپو شناخته می‌شدند. آن‌ها نقطهٔ مقابل آسو یا همان پزشکان سومری بودند که سعی می‌کردند با داروی موضعی و پانسمان بیماران را درمان کنند. بسیاری از لوح‌های رُسی مکشوفه که به خط میخی نگاشته شده‌اند منقوش به دعاهایی هستند که از بعضی خدایان سومری می‌خواهد آن‌ها را از شر شیاطین حفظ کنند. در حالی‌که در بعضی دیگر از این الواح دعاهایی وجود دارند که از خدایان می‌خواهند شیاطینی که به آنها حمله کرده‌اند را از بدن‌شان خارج کنند.

تمدن‌های شمن‌باور Shamanism هم به تسخیر شدن افراد توسط نیروهای شیطانی اعتقاد داشته‌اند و مراسم خارج کردن ارواح خبیث از جسم تسخیر شدگان را انجام می‌دادند. در این فرهنگ‌ها، بیماری‌ها معمولاً به وجود ارواح کینه‌توز در بدن بیمار نسبت داده می‌شود.

شمنیسم (Shamanism) به مجموعه‌ای از اعتقادات و رویه‌هایی گفته می‌شود که در جوامع غیر متمدن رواج دارند و شامل توانایی تشخیص، درمان و گاهی ایجاد بیماری‌هایی هستند که از ارتباط با ارواح یا تحت سلطه قرار گرفتن توسط آنها، پدید می‌آیند. ریشه لغت «شمن» از قبایل تانگوس (Tungus) سیبری و معنی تحت‌اللفظی آن «کسی که می‌داند» است.این احتمال هم وجود دارد که این واژه، ریشه سانسکریت داشته باشد. انواع مختلف شمنیسم در سراسر جهان وجود دارد و شمن‌ها را پزشک یا جادو پزشک هم می‌نامند.

از آغاز قرن بیستم، قوم‌شناسان از واژه‌های «شمن»، (shaman) «حکیم ساحر»، (medicine man) «ساحر» (sorcerer) و «جادوگر» (magician) به جای یکدیگر برای نام‌گذاری افراد خاصی که دارای نیروهای جادویی ـ مذهبی هستند و در همه جوامع «ابتدایی» یافت می‌شوند، استفاده نموده‌اند. توسعاً، همین اصطلاحات در مطالعه تاریخ مذهبی اقوام و ملل «متمدن» به کار رفته است، مثلا بحث‌هایی درباره شمنیسم (shamanism) هندی، ایرانی، آلمانی، چینی و حتی بابلی با توجه به عناصر «ابتدایی» آنها که در ادیان و مذاهب مشابه تایید می‌شوند، مطرح بوده است.به دلایل بسیار، این خلط و آشفتگی تنها می‌تواند مانع از هرگونه درک یا شناخت درست پدیده شمنی شود. اگر واژه «شمن» به معنی هر جادوگر، ساحر، حکیم ساحر یا اهل خلسه‌ای که در سراسر تاریخ مذاهب و قوم شناسی دینی (religious ethnology) یافت می‌شوند به کار رود، ما به مفهومی هم بسیار پیچیده و هم بسیار مبهم می‌رسیم؛ از این گذشته به نظر می‌رسد که این کاربرد به هیچ هدفی کمک نمی‌کند، چرا که ما پیش از این اصطلاحات «جادوگر» یا «ساحر» را برای بیان مفاهیم متفاوت و مبهمی چون «جادوگری ابتدایی» یا «عرفان ابتدایی» در دسترس داریم.

در ادیان ابراهیمی

مسیحیت

در آیین مسیحیت اعتقاد بر این است که تسخیرشدگی شیطانی، توسط شیطان یا یکی از اهریمن‌های مرتبط با او رخ می‌دهد. به باور مسیحیان، شیطان و شیاطین اقماری او در واقع فرشتگان رانده‌شده هستند.

در کتاب مقدس ,عهد عتیق

دانشنامه کاتولیک می‌گوید که در عهد عتیق، ظاهراً تنها یک مورد تسخیرشدگی شیطانی وجود دارد که مربوط به طالوت است. اما این برداشت با تکیه بر ترجمهٔ واژهٔ عبری «rûah» به «روح شیطانی» است، تعبیری که از سوی دانشنامه کاتولیک مورد تردید قرار گرفته‌است. یزدان‌شناسان دیگری همچون آنخل مانوئل رودریگز بر این باورند واسطه‌هایی مانند آنچه در کتاب سفر لاویان اشاره شده، توسط شیاطین تسخیر شده بوده‌اند.

عهد جدید

در چند بخش از عهد جدید اشاره‌هایی وجود دارد مبنی بر این‌که عیسی (ع) شیاطین را از جسم افراد بیرون می‌رانده‌است. ویلیام منزیس الکساندر در کتابی با نام «تسخیرشدگی شیطانی در عهد جدید» (۱۹۰۲) تلاش کرده تا موضوع تسخیرشدگی در انجیل‌های سینوپتیک را شرح دهد و از منظر تاریخی، پزشکی و الهیات به آنها پرداخته‌است.

اسلام

در فرهنگ اسلامی انواع مختلفی از مخلوقات اهریمنی، همچون جن، شیاطین و عفریت یافت می‌شوند، که اغلب به‌عنوان عوامل تسخیرکنندهٔ شیطانی شناخته می‌شوند. سرآمد آن‌ها ابلیس است که معمولاً با وسوسهٔ انسان‌ها به پیروی از خواسته‌های نفسانی‌شان، آن‌ها را به ورطهٔ گناه می‌افکند. اگرچه در قرآن مستقیماً تصدیق نشده، اما نظریهٔ تصرف انسان‌ها توسط اجنه در بین مسلمانان رواج دارد و توسط برخی محققان اسلامی هم پذیرفته شده‌است. دلایل مختلفی وجود دارد که بر اساس آن‌ها یک جن ممکن است به دنبال تسخیر شخصی خاص باشد، مانند عاشق شدن یا انتقام گرفتن از او به‌خاطر این‌که به جن‌ها یا نزدیکانشان صدمه زده‌است. از آنجا که به باور مسلمانان، جن‌ها لزوماً شرور نیستند، در مقولهٔ تسخیرشدگی، از شیاطین که ذاتاً شر هستند متمایز می‌شوند.طبق احادیث، شیاطین از درون بدن انسان‌ها، (داخل یا کنار قلب)، زمزمه‌های شیطانی را نجوا می‌کنند و به نوعی افراد را تحت مالکیت و فرمان خود درمی‌آورند.

یهودیت

بودیسم

در آیین بودا، اهریمن می‌تواند یک عذاب در قلمرو جهنم یا یک پندار بیهوده باشد. در بوداگرایی سنتی، چهار فرم استعاری از ماره تعریف می‌شود:

• کِلسا-مارَه: مارَه به عنوان تجسم همهٔ عواطف غیرقابل کنترل، مانند حرص و آز، نفرت و پندار بیهوده (شیاطین توهم و احساسات ناپاک یا مضر)
• مرتیه-مارَه: مارهٔ مرگ (شیاطین پروردگار جان‌ستان)
• اسکاندَه مارَه: ماره به عنوان استعاره‌ای برای تمامی وجود مشروط (شیاطین مجموعهٔ پلیدی‌ها)
• دواپوترَه مارَه: ماره‌ای که سعی می‌کند مانع از دستیابی گوتاما بودا به چرخهٔ تولد دوباره شود. (شیاطین پسر دوا/امیال و وسوسه‌ها)

در سورانگاما سوترا ۵۰ گونه از شیاطین اسکاندَه شمرده شده‌اند که می‌توانند درون‌پویان را تسخیر کنند. همچنین شیاطین پرندهٔ دواپوترَه مارَه این توانایی را دارند که تمرین‌کننده را به شکلی گمراه کنند که تصور کند به روشنیدگی رسیده‌است و از این طریق او را به سوی کارهای خطا، خطر، بحران و حتی مرگ سوق دهند.

See also:

• Demonic Possession as Physical and Mental Disturbance
• demonic_possession.pdf - The University of Edinburgh
• Jinn and mental health: looking at jinn possession

Shayāṭīn (شَيَاطِين; devils or demons), singular: Shaiṭān (شَيْطَان) are evil spirits in Islam, inciting humans (and jinn) to sin by “whispering” (وَسْوَسَة, “waswasah”) to the heart (قَلْب qalb).

A demon is a malevolent supernatural entity. Historically, belief in demons, or stories about demons, occurs in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology, and folklore; as well as in media such as comics, video games, movies, anime, and television series.

What is Shaitan name?

shaitan, also spelled Sheitan, Arabic Shayṭān, in Islāmic myth, an unbelieving class of jinn (“spirits”); it is also the name of Iblīs, the devil, when he is performing demonic acts.

Demonology is the study of demons or beliefs about demons, and the hierarchy of demons. They may be nonhuman, separable souls, or discarnate spirits which have never inhabited a body. A sharp distinction is often drawn between these two classes, notably by the Melanesians, several African groups, and others.

Although Satan is generally viewed as evil, some groups have very different beliefs. In theistic Satanism, Satan is considered a deity who is either worshipped or revered. In LaVeyan Satanism, Satan is a symbol of virtuous characteristics and liberty. Satanism, the worship or veneration of Satan, a figure from Christian belief who is also commonly known as the Devil or Lucifer. For most of Christian history, accusations that groups have been deliberately worshipping the Devil have been spurious, with little or no basis in reality. The first major form of modern religious Satanism was the Church of Satan, founded in San Francisco by Anton LaVey in 1966. LaVey also promoted his ideas through books, most notably The Satanic Bible (1969).

The Islamic jinn, for example, are not reducible to modified human souls. At the same time these classes are frequently conceived as producing identical results, e.g. diseases...

What is demonology in psychology?

Demonology is the view that abnormal mental function is due the occupation by an evil being of the mind of a person.

Did Satan have any children? Matthew 13:38
He was a murderer from the beginning," and so on. Satan has sons! He not only has sons, he has servants, ministers, even apostles (II Corinthians 11:13-15). This parable says that Satan has secret agents!

Who are the seven devils?

Like the Lanterne of Light, Binsfeld used the seven deadly sins as a basis, though the two schemes differ in various ways.

1. Lucifer: pride.
2. Mammon: greed.
3. Asmodeus: lust.
4. Leviathan: envy.
5. Beelzebub: gluttony.
6. Satan: wrath.
7. Belphegor: sloth.

What is used to be considered a mental illness?

Mental illnesses were present long before we had names or diagnoses for specific disorders. Disorders we now know as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and bipolar disorder have had names such as hysteria, shell shock, psychosis, and, in some cases, demonic possession.

Shell shock or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental and behavioral disorder associated with symptoms of helplessness, fear, panic, depression, and inability to socially, emotionally, and cognitively function that can result from extreme trauma.

While shell shock specifically described responses to warfare, PTSD can occur in anyone who experiences a terrorizing or traumatic event. Although it can occur due to war experience, it may also occur due to car accidents, surviving a terror attack, or any number of other causes.

Symptoms of Jinn Possession

• Anger
• Body pain
• Weakness
• Suicidal thoughts
• Feel like crying
• Feel like dead body
• Unstable mind
• Sleeping all the time
• Heaviness in body
• Unexplainable Anxiety

  

• No sleep at night
• No interest and no energy to do any work
• Disturbing dreams and thoughts
• Hearing strange voices like someone hitting something hardly on the roof

Islam has no doctrinal hierarchy of demonology. Even though some Muslim scholars tried to classify jinn and demons, there is no established classification and terms for jinn may overlap or be used interchangeably. Naming the jinn also depends on cultural influences. Julius Wellhausen states, that Islamic demonology is also zoology. Many demonic or demon-like entities are not purely spiritual, but also physical in nature and related to animals. One prominent classification is made by al-Jahiz

• Amir: a jinni, who lives among humans
• Shaitan: a malicious and rebellious jinn
• Marid: a stronger type of jinn, trying to steal information from heaven
• Ifrit: the most powerful type of jinn

The German orientalist Almut Wieland-Karimi classified the Jinn in the ten most common categories mentioned in folklore literature:

• Jinn or Jann: ordinary jinn, a class apart from other jinn types, but also used as a collective to refer to invisible beings in general
• Shaitan: Malevolent jinni, who causes illness and madness
• Ifrit: delimitation to ordinary jinn remains unclear. Can be either a powerful cunning Jinn or strong Shaitan. Ifrits are generally bad.
• Marid: a haughty and powerful Shaitan or very malevolent Ifrit.

  

• Bu'Bu: a jinn that frightens children.
• Si'lah: a female demon who seduces men.
• Amir: spirits dwelling in houses.
• Ghul: generally evil, lives in the desert.
• Qarînah: name for a specific demon strangling children.
• Hatif: a mysterious phenomenon, which can only be heard but never seen.

The Ghul and the Si'lah often challenge orientalists to tell them apart, because both are shapeshifters also appearing as females to seduce men. A Ghul in Arabic meaning, the term for any shapeshifting spirit, including the Si'lah.

Furthermore, Marid and Ifrit may be hard to distinguish, since they are often used interchangeably, for example in "One Thousand and One Nights ". However, both entities have properties apart from the other. The Ifrit is also related to the ghosts of the dead, seeking revenge, unlike the Marid. On the other hand, the Marid is related to those assistants of truth sayers, striving to heaven to access information from the angels, while the Ifrit does not.

Additionally the Peri and the Daeva are kinds of Jinn in Persian lore. While the Daeva are akin to the Shayateen, subordinates of Satan, the Peris are good Jinn fighting the Daeva. However, the Peri may endanger people if they become angered: 185 

Ahmad al-Buni relates four Ifrits to archdemons, diametric opposites to the four archangels of Islam. They have their own Shayātīn (plural of "Shaytan") under command and are subordinate to Iblis, who is thought to be the leader of Shayātīn.

Who are the eight demons?

The Book of Abramelin, possibly written in the 14th or 15th century, lists four princes of the demons: Lucifer, Leviathan, Satan and Belial.

There are also eight sub-princes: Astaroth, Magoth, Asmodee, Beelzebub, Oriens, Paimon, Ariton (Egin) and Amaymon.

Christian demonology is the study of demons from a Christian point of view. It is primarily based on the Bible (Old and New Testaments), the interpretation of these scriptures, the writings of early Christianity philosophers, hermits and the associated traditions and legends incorporated from other beliefs.

Who are the 5 children of Iblis?

Does he have children? Yes, as the Qur'an states: “Will you then take him (Iblees) and his offspring as protectors and helpers rather than Me…?”[al-Kahf 18:50]. A simple Wikipedia search gives you five major siblings Dasim, Awar, Sut, Thabar or Theber, and Zalanpur or Zalinbor.

Where is Iblis now?

Yes, Iblis is still alive today. He was to be cast into hellfire, but, he requested and received a reprieve until the Day of Resurrection. He promised to deceive any he could until then, but, the Qur'an also says that on that day, he will disavow anyone who listened to him.

How many satans are there in Islam?

He became the chief of all the Jinn that were like-minded with him. Whoever follows Iblis in his arrogance, rebellion and wickedness is also called a satan. That is the case both among the Jinn and people (al-An'am, 112).

There are many satans, but only one Iblis.

Diseases of the Soul and their Treatment

In diagnosis of physical ailments there are certain rules and procedures to be followed.

• First of all the disease must be identified.
• Secondly, the way of treatment must be determined.
• Thirdly, treatment must begin with the use of appropriate medications and avoidance of harmful things, and continue until complete recovery.

It has already been explained that the diseases of the soul are caused when its powers trespass the bounds of moderation, moving towards the extremes of either deficiency or excess. The way in which these diseases must be treated is the same as that used in treatment of physical illness, and must follow the three stages mentioned above until full recovery is attained.

The diseases to be studied shall be divided into the following four categories:

1. Diseases of the Power of Intellect and their treatment.

2. Diseases of the Power of Anger and their treatment.

3. Diseases of the Power of Passion and their treatment.

4. Diseases relating to combinations of any two of these powers, or all three.

Before we begin our discussion of the diseases in these four categories, it must be stated that every one of these powers can exist in either of the three different states of moderation, deficiency, or excess.

In discussing every one of these powers, we shall first consider its deviation towards excess, which is a kind of illness, and indicate its proper treatment. This shall be followed by a discussion of its deviation towards the condition of deficiency and the proper method of treating it. Next we shall consider its state of moderation. We shall conclude our study of each power with an examination of various kinds of moral maladies which may afflict these powers, and their method of treatment.

How to heal soul in Islam?

Prayer (both salah and du'a), remembrance of God (dhikr), fasting, giving of our time, money, and energy in charity to others who are in need, all out of our love for Allah-- these are all excellent methods to draw nearer to God and allow Him to heal the inner wounds we have.

1. Showing off پز دادن ،خودنمایی

   

2. Vanity پوچی
3. Jealousy حسادت
4. Malice کینه توزی ، بدخواهی
5. Pride غرور
6. Love of praise عاشق تمجید و تعریف دیگران
7. Love of status عشق مقام
8. Love of world عشق دنیا
9. Love of fame عشق شهرت
10. Reverence of the rich
11. Disrespect of the poor
12. Following desires
13. Flattery چاپلوسی، تملق
14. Ingratitude ناسپاسی
15. Stinginess
16. Desiring too much
17. Thinking ill
18. Hostility against truth
19. Persistence in falsehood
20. Deception

    

    فریب
21. Treachery خیانت، بی وفایی
22. Breach of trust
23. Negligence
24. Cruelty ظلم
25. Greed طمع
26. Adulation چاپلوسی
27. Reliance on creation
28. Forgetting the Creator
29. Forgetfulness of death
30. Committing sins openly and not fearing Allah
31. Hypocrisy ریاکاری
32. Obeying Shaytaan
33. Self-worship خودپرستی

    

34. Inclination to idle matter
35. Laziness تنبلی
36. Lack of fear of Allah
37. Anxiety اضطراب
38. Lack of humility عدم تواضع
39. Self-wrath while the anger could be used in the Path of Allah
40. Being lax in Allah’s commands and prohibitions, etc.

Reference:

• aboutislam.net/spirituality/filling-the-void-how
• milligazette.com/news/islamic-perspectives/13388-diseases-of-the-soul
• al-islam.org/jami-al-saadat-collector-felicities-muhammad-mahdi-naraqi/diseases-soul-and-their-treatment

See also:

• What are the signs of a pure soul?

There are many reasons why a Jinn would interfere with humans, but there must be a reason. In all the following cases there are always three possibilities: the Jinn may be inside the body of the person, outside it or going in and out the person‟s body as he likes. When he is inside the body, he may possess the person and speak through him: this may be permanent, periodic or occasional.

1 Sorcery

The most frequent reason is sorcery. Sorcery does not need to be accompanied by a Jinn, but Jinns are sometimes sent to strengthen the effect of sorcery. For example, to break up a couple, the Jinn can give the man a disgusting or frightening appearance in the eyes of his wife; to prevent someone working they will get the employer to reject him or not trust him. But the most that Jinns do is to mentally disturb the victim: he will get no ending thoughts and obsessions as if someone is speaking in his head all day long. They also often play a role in illnesses and physical pains to disturb the body‟s natural functioning.

Jinns sent by sorcery are forced to do the job. They may be good, true Muslims or wicked and unbelievers. The good ones will do the job with reluctance and the wicked one will add more. In Africa particularly there is a long tradition of cooperation between Jinns and sorcerers. As the original religion is worshiping statues and Jinns through river, wood or sea, and slaughtering animals for them and offering various gifts, Jinns have developed a science of serving sorcerers and accomplishing astonishing things for them. So there will be Jinns with nearly every sorcery. For example, the victim could completely loose his mind by sending thousands of Jinns into him. So nearly all the Jinns you find in ill people are professionals working for sorcerers.

2 Revenge

Jinns live around us. They are many in disused and uninhabited places. Dirty and humid places are especially habited because Jinns find their food in the remaining of meals and excrements. They are also especially in old and ill maintained houses, but also in new and well maintained ones. By living around us, they avoid us; but a single brutal action without saying: “Bismillah” or throwing something away or pouring hot water, might reach them and harm them or cause handicap or death. Then they can retaliate or avenge one of their relatives by beating the person who inadvertently harmed them.

The person may be partly paralyzed or heavy, he may be anxious or depressed, have suicidal or harassing thoughts or other manifestations. This often goes with nightmares: the person is beaten or prosecuted by scaring people. Jinns have less reason and more passion than we do. They have three strong passions: pride, love and vengeance. Jinns can devote his whole life doing nothing but retaliating against a person.

3 Love

This happens when we undress without saying “Bismillah”; Jinns see us naked and can be sexually stimulated like when we see undressed persons because there is a kind of sexual compatibility between Jinns and human beings. I mean if you just undress without saying “Bismillah”, that endangers you to catch Jinns; but having any kind of forbidden or shameful sexual activity is an open door for Jinns to join in and they may get linked to the person. Male Jinns fall in love with women and females (Jinniya) with men — homosexuality cases are rare with Jinns. The kinds of persons Jinns like are the people with no wickedness in heart towards their fellows. So, as we must love the good, we must hate the evil and have no mercy for unfair persons. We should not be gentle so to do for others what we don‟t really want to do.

A hearty person should better listen to his heart rather than trust other people. The mentality to accept to undergo others predisposes the person to get Jinns or sorcery. It occurs that this lover stays incognito. Most of the time, the person will have erotic dreams. Generally these dreams are not “difficult” but rather pleasant for men because the Jinniya appears as the ideal woman for the man. They are also of a high frequency while the norm for a young bachelor is once every 10–15 days. If it is a woman subject to the Jinn, sex is very intense. If she refuses or resists, she can be forced and blocked.

Many people feel this: we feel blocked while going to bed and we are freed as soon as we make a move or we pronounce the name of Allah. The Jinn that appears in the shape of the husband to cheat her and once the act is over, she realizes that it was not him. When the person is married, the Jinn sometimes accepts the spouse, but most of the time, he does not bear him, therefore the person will not bear him too. This happens mostly to women. The husband should then act with tenderness to have sexual intercourse. If he insists, the wife maybe upset, cry and it will end up in dispute.

source: https://rayyans.medium.com/reasons-jinns-interfere-with-humans-e8024ed74751

جن گیری (Exorcism) تلاش برای بیرون کشیدن جن، شیاطین و ارواح شرور و به اصطلاح اجنه از شخصی است که نشانه هایی بر مورد تسخیربودن توسط این موجودات غیر مادی دارد. کسی که جن‌گیری را انجام می‌دهد، جن‌گیر خوانده می‌شود و غالباً شخصی روحانی است که در مذهب خود و در مراکز مسئول مهارت ها و دعاهای مخصوص جنگیری را فرا گرفته است. کلیسای کاتولیک و پاپ بندیکت شانزدهم از این موضوع حمایت می‌کنند و تحت رهبری پدر آرمان اورکا اقدام به تأسیس انجمن بین‌المللی جن‌گیران نموده‌است.

جن‌گیری و اساساً حلول شیطان در جسم آدم در کلیسای کاتولیک مفهومی پذیرفته‌شده‌است.

جن گیری در اسلام، تطهیر جسد نام دارد و کسی را که جن زده است،ممسوس(لمس شده)می نامند.

همچنین اذکاری را که بر شخص ممسوس می خوانند رقیة می نامند.

In the Quran and Ahadith, fire (nar) makes up the basic substance for spiritual entities, in contrast to humans created from clay (tin), and angels created from light (noor). Islamic traditions and mythologies branching of from the Quran state more precisely, how different spiritual creatures were created.Jinn (Arabic: جن‎, 'jinn'), also Romanized as djinn or Anglicized as genies (with the more broad meaning of spirits or demons, depending on source), are supernatural creatures in early pre-Islamic Arabian and later Islamic mythology and theology. Like humans, they are created with fitra, neither born as believers nor as unbelievers, but their attitude depends on whether or not they accept God's guidance. Jinn, in Islamic mythology and theology come in many forms, some which are mentioned in Ahadith and others mentioned in the Quran.

Jinni, plural jinn, also called genie, Arabic jinnī, in Arabic mythology, a supernatural spirit below the level of angels and devils. Ghūl (treacherous spirits of changing shape), ʿifrīt (diabolic, evil spirits), and siʿlā (treacherous spirits of invariable form) constitute classes of jinn.

Other names of jinn:

elf, puck, sprite, goblin, fairy, bogeyman, deuce, jinni, bogie, bogy, fay, urchin, spook, Robin Goodfellow...

جن زدگی چگونه اتفاق می افتد؟

گفته می‌شود وقتی جن روحی را تسخیر می‌کند ممکن است بعد از آن فرد حافظه یا شخصیت کلی خود را از دست بدهد و هیچکدام از وقایع جن زدگی خود را به یاد نداشته باشد. در واقع در بیشتر موارد با نفوذ جن به روح شخص، صدای او کمی تغییر کرده و حالت صورتش کمی غیر عادی می‌شود به گونه‌ای که چشمان کمی بازتر از حد معمول می‌شود.معمولا بر اثر جن زدگی فرد کارهایی عجیب و غیر قابل پیش بینی انجام می‌دهد به طوری که کاملا درون گرا شده و ارتباط خود را با دیگران قطع یا محدود می‌کند؛ گاهی اوقات دچار حمله‌های عصبی و روانی می‌شود و بیشتر از قبل ساکت و پرخاشگر می‌شود. گفته می‌شود که این افراد مدتی طولانی به نقطه‌ای نامعلوم خیره می‌شوند یا با اشیاء و فضای خالی صحبت می‌کنند. بسیاری افرادی که جن بر آن‌ها غالب می‌شود نا خود آگاه دچار کبودی و جراحاتی در سطح پوست خود می‌شوند و نمی‌توانند علت آن را پیدا کنند.

علائم جن زدگی چیست؟

گفته می‌شود بیشتر افراد جن زده بدن بسیار سردی دارند به طوری که با نزدیک شدن به آن‌ها یا گرفتن دستانشان ممکن است احساس سرمای شدیدی به شما دست دهد. برخی از تحقیقات انجام‌شده به این موضوع اشاره کرده‌اند که هنگام نزدیک شدن جن، تغییر دمایی در محیط اطراف حس می‌شود که ممکن است به علت انرژی باشد که این موجودات حامل آن هستند. برخی از محققان این انرژی را انرژی الکترومغناطیسی می‌دانند که باعث کاهش مادون قرمز و انرژی محیط و به دنبال آن سبب کاهش دما می‌شود. به همین دلیل است که افراد جن زده مانند یخچال سرد هستند.

به طور کلی مهم‌ترین علائم جن زدگی اختلالات رفتاری و روانی، انزوا، میل شدید به تنهایی، پرخاشگری، بی اشتهایی، افسردگی، تند مزاجی، کاهش وزن شدید، آسیب‌های جسمی به بدن، صحبت کردن راجع امور فراطبیعی، اشاره به دوست یا فردی که وجود خارجی ندارد، سردرد، خستگی، بی حوصلگی و تشنج میباشد.

چرا جن وارد بدن انسان می‌شود؟

اظهار نظر در خصوص صحت و سقم داخل شدن جن به بدن انسان کار آسانی نیست، هر چند ساختار وجودی انسان و جن به گونه اي نيست كه چنين اصطحکاکی بين ما و آن ها باشد ، اما در هر صورت امكان آزار و اذيت شدن انسانی توسط اشرار جن عقلا محال نيست، همان طور كه ممكن است هر انسانی توسط يک انسان شرور ديگر و يا هر حيوان موذی مورد اذيت و آزار قرار بگيرد.

با وجود اینکه جن‌ها نمی‌توانند انسان‌ها را به طور شفاف ببینند و تنها انسان‌ها را به شکل تصاویری تار می‌بینند، گاهی با انگیزه‌های مختلفی وارد بدن انسان‌ها می‌شوند. برخی جن‌ها می‌توانند با انسان‌ها ارتباط برقرار کنند یا به دورن آن‌ها نفوذ کنند و کنترل افراد را به دست بگیرند.

در واقع، بیشتر جن‌ها احتمالا انسان‌ها را مانند ارواحی در نظر می‌گیرند که در دنیای موازی آن‌ها زندگی می‌کنند. شاید بتوانیم بگوییم همانطور که در دنیای ما جن‌ها دور از تصور هستند، در دنیای آن‌ها نیز ما حکم موجوداتی دور از ذهن را داریم که برای رویت ما باید به دنیایمان نفوذ کنند.

برخی مطالعات متافیزیکی حاکی از آن است که جن نیز برخی خصوصیات رفتاری و احساسی انسان را دارد و ممکن است به علت انتقام، خشم، حسادت، علاقه یا تنها به علت شرارت یا نیروهای اهریمنی وارد بدن فردی شود و به منظور برآورد نیازهای خود و رسیدن به هدف کنترل فرد را به دست بگیرد.!

در باور برخی افراد، جن‌ها تنها در شب، تاریکی، تنهایی و در محل‌هایی مانند گرمابه، آب انبار، پستو و ویرانه و بیابان وجود دارند. در باور عامه، جن به شکل انسان است با این تفاوت که پاهایش مانند بز، سم دارد. مژه های دراز او نیز با مژهٔ انسان متفاوت است و رنگ موی او بور است. همزمان با زاده شدن هر نوازد انسان، بین اجنه نیز نوزادی به دنیا می‌آید که شبیه نوزاد انسان است اما سیاه و لاغر و زشت. این موجود را همزاد آن طفل می‌خوانند.

راه دفع جن

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ص) بَيْتُ الشَّيَاطِينِ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمْ بَيْتُ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ

رسول خدا (ص) فرموده اند: لانه شیطان در خانه های شما همان تار عنکبوت است.

الْإِمَامِ الصَّادِقِ (ع) :وسئل عَنْ الكرملي وَاللَّبَّانُ أَمَّا الْحَرَمِ إلَيْهِ فَمَا تَغَلْغَلَ لَهُ عِرْقٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا ارْتَفَعَ لَهُ فَرْعٌ فِي السَّمَاءِ إِلَّا وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ مَلَكاً حَتَّى يَصِيرَ حُطَاماً أَوْ يَصِيرَ إِلَى مَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ ليتنکب سَبْعِينَ دَاراً دُونَ الدَّارِ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْحَرْمَلُ وَهُوَ شِفَاءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ دَاءً أَهْوَنُهُ الْجُذَامُ فَلَا يَفُوتَنَّكُمْ

امام صادق : در پاسخ پرسشی درباره هزار اسپند و کندر – اما هزار اسپند، هیچ ریشه ای از آن در زمین فرو نمی رود و هیچ شاخه ای از آن به آسمان بلند نمی شود، مگر این که خداوند، فرشته ای را بر آن گمارد تا آن هنگام که خشک شود یا به سرنوشتی دیگر در اید. شیطان نیز از خانه ای که در آن هزار اسپند است، هفتاد خانه دور می شود، و آن، شفای هفتاد بیماری است که کمترین آنها جذام است. پس مبادا که آن را از دست بدهید.

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (ص)قَالَ: مَنْ أَكَلَ الْهِنْدَبَاءَ وَ نَامَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يُؤَثِّرْ فِيهِ سُمٌّ وَلَا سِحْرٌ وَ لَمْ يَقْرَبْهُ شي مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ حَيَّةٍ وَلَا عَقْرَبٌ

رسول الله(ص) فرموده اند: هرکس کاسنی بخورد و سپس بخوابد، تا بامداد هیچ سحر و سمی در وی اثر نكند و هیچ حیوان گزنده ای از مار و عقرب به وی نزیک نشود.

بنابر باور برخی، نه تنها باید پیش از ریختن آب جوش روی زمین «بسم الله» گفت، بلکه حتی پیش از ریختن آب سرد، پرت کردن چیزی و هر کاری که می‌تواند به یک موجود فرضی در محل آسیب برساند یا برای او اهانت آمیز باشد (مانند انداختن آب دهان و …) نیز باید «بسم الله» گفت. و ذکر این عبارت برای دور کردن جن‌ها از محل و ایمن ماندن از آسیب احتمالی آن‌ها موثر است. البته عده‌ای نیز متعقدند که ذکر «بسم الله» به تنهایی چاره ساز نیست و حتی نوعی دعوت از آنان محسوب می‌شود و حتماً باید عبارت را کامل و به صورت «بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم» به کار برد .

در تهران قدیم عده‌ای از ساکنان را عقیده بر این بود که گاه و بی‌گاه در مواقع معین در حمام‌ها جن‌ها رفت و آمد می‌کنند، به همین دلیل عقیدهٔ خرافاتی و تحت تاثیر این‌گونه توهومات و عقاید بی‌اساس، با احتیاط قدم به حمام می‌گذاشتند، مخصوصا شب‌ها خیلی با ترس و توهم در حمام وارد شده و خود را شستشو می‌کردند. گویند مظفرالدین شاه از همین‌گونه افراد بود …عده ای را عقیده بر این بود که جن‌ها گاهی برای اغفال و فریب مردم و کشانیدن آنها به حمام، زودتر از موعد مقرر در بوق حمام می‌دمند … مردم برای رفع و دور کردن اجنه به بعضی عوامل متوسل می‌شدند و از جمله جام چهل کلید و این جام از برنج ساخته شده بود و دسته‌ای داشت که آن را سوراخ می‌کردند و بر چهل پاره برنج یا مس بعضی کلمات را حک می‌کردند، ضمنا بعضی دعاها را به خط خوش به روی جام می کندند.

آیا جن علم غیب دارد؟

قابلیت های موجود در جن که ناشی از نوع خلقتش می‌باشد (مانند پنهان بودن از چشم، طی مسافت کردن و غیره) این تصور را در ذهن انسانها ایجاد می‌کند که این موجودات از عالم غیب آگاهند. البته بسیاری از ارتباط برقرارکنندگان آگاهانه به قصد سوءاستفاده و فریب مردم و یا ناآگاهانه به این باورها دامن زده اند، ولی حقیقت آن است که تنها خداوند است که آگاه به غیب می‌باشد و لاغیر، چنان چه می‌فرماید: «خداوند دانای غیب است و غیب خود را بر هیچ کس آشکار نمی سازد، مگر بر آن پیامبری که از اوخشنود باشد». و البته بسیار دیده شده در جریان همین احضار روح که ما آن را احضار جن می‌دانیم، جنیان توانسته اند پاسخ های درست و مناسبی را ارائه دهندکه آن را نباید ناشی از علم غیب آنان دانست، زیرا جنها از آنجایی که به راحتی می‌توانند طی طریق کنند، می‌توانند از همنوعان خود که در جریان ماجرا قرار دارند پاسخ را جویان شده و به شخص رابط اطلاع دهند و یا از امکانات دیگری استفاده کنند که ما از آن بی خبریم. به هر حال علم غیب چه برای انسان و چه برای جن منتفی است مگر برای عده ای خاص که از طرف خداوند این توانایی برایشان ممکن می‌شود.

آیا باید از جن ها ترسید؟ برای در امان ماندن از آنها چه باید کرد؟

ظرفیتها و عکس العملهای انسانها در ارتباط با موجودات ناشناخته بسیار متفاوت و غیرقابل پیش بینی است. بنابر اعتقاداتی که سینه به سینه و نسل به نسل منتقل شده همواره جن ها موجوداتی آزاردهنده و موجب شر و فساد بوده اند، هرگاه بیماری لاعلاجی پیش آمده و یا اتفاق غیرقابل توجیهی روی داده به جن و شیطان نسبت داده شده است.

علائم حضور اجنه در خانه

1. گم شدن و ناپدید شدن اشیاء و وسایل منزل از مکانی که آن‌ها را در آنجا قرار داده ایم.
2. منتقل شدن اشیاء از جایی به جای دیگر به خودی خود و بدون دخالت ما. (مثلا من مسواکم را دیروز در تاقچه اتاقم گذاشتم، ولی امروز آن را در آشپزخانه پیدا می‌کنم وقتی هم از افراد خانواده می‌پرسم میبینم کسی به مسواک من دست نزده است)
3. وقتی در خانه تنها هستیم کسی مارا صدا می‌زند. (مثلا شنیدن صدای همسر و فرزندان که ما را صدا میزنند در صورتی که هیچکس غیر از ما در خانه نیست یا همسر ما سال‌ها از دنیا رفته است).
4. شنیدن صدا از آشپزخانه، مانند بهم خوردن ظروف یا باز شدن شیر آب یا شکسته شدن شیشه.
5. شنیدن صدا‌هایی مانند خمیازه کشیدن، صدای پا، صدای گریه، خنده و یا صدای پچ پچ در حالی که مطمئن هستیم کسی غیر از ما در خانه نیست.
6. افتادن و شکستن ظروف شیشه‌ای یا چینی و همچنین خراب شدن غیر عادی و مستمر وسایل منزل، سوختن و از کار افتادن آنها.
7. دستکاری شدن ناگهانی برق منزل و یا روشن و خاموش شدن بدون دلیل لامپ‌ها و وسایل برقی مانند رادیو و تلویزیون در حالی که ما از خاموش بودن یا روشن بودن آن‌ها از قبل مطمئن بودیم.
8. دیدن حیوانات، حشرات و خزندگانی مانند مار که هر بار آن‌ها را می‌کشیم دوباره همان موجود را زنده می‌بینیم [این نشانه با جادو همراه است].
9. گریه کردن و جیغ زدن‌های بی دلیل نوزادان و کودکان و پریدن ناگهانی آن‌ها از خواب.
10. خون دماغ شدن اعضای خانه بدون دلیل، سردرد و اختلافات و مشاجره‌های پی در پی در خانه و بین اعضای خانواده.
11. دیدن حشرات موذی، گربه و سگ‌های سیاه در خواب که در منزل راه می‌روند و مانور می‌دهند.
12. تغییر ناگهانی دمای هوای اطراف به سردی یا گرما بدون وجود منبعی خاص یا دلیل واضح.
13. واق واق کردن مداوم و بی دلیل سگ‌های خانگی یا خیره ماندن حیواناتی مثل سگ و گربه بر شیئی خیالی و نامرئی در گوشه‌ای از منزل و یا امتناع حیوانات خانگی از رفتن به اتاقی که قبلا راحت وارد آن می‌شدند.
14. دیدن سایه‌هایی که به یکباره از اتاق خارج شده یا وارد اتاقی دیگر می‌شوند و یا از حمام به توالت و برعکس حرکت می‌کنند.

Most people are familiar with the story of the Genie of the Lamp: a supernatural being that when summoned will grant three wishes, made famous by a tale not originally present but later added by Antoine Galland to the book One Thousand and One Nights, also known as The Arabian Nights.

Antoine Galland was a French orientalist and archaeologist, most famous as the first European translator of One Thousand and One Nights, which he called Les mille et une nuits.

The origin of this particular story is from Arabian Folklore, and is likely how the word “Genie” became popularized in the West.

The word “Genie” is an anglicized form of the Arabic word “Jinni” (جنّي), which is the singular form of the plural “Jinn” (جنّ). This word dates back to pre-Islamic times and in its broadest sense refers to unseen spirits or demons. The root word (جنن) from which the word Jinn derives means “that which is concealed”. Interestingly, a derivative of the same root is used to form the word “Majnoon” (مجنون), which is Arabic for “Insane” or, “he who’s mind is concealed or enshrouded”. (Incidentally, the Arabic words for Heaven (جنّة) and Embryo (جنين) also share the same root word, implying concealment).

Since the publication of The Arabian Nights even the word Jinn (or Djinn) has made its way into the English vocabulary, primarily in the realm of Fantasy, along with other Arabic categories of Jinn including the Marid (مارد) and the Ifreet (عفريت) (or Ifrit). Even the popular Japanese video game series Final Fantasy has a recurring summoned fire-spirit known as Ifrit.

The depiction of the Jinn in Western fantasy as fire spirits likely has its roots in the Islamic tradition explaining the origin of Jinn as sentient beings created from fire, in contrast to humans who were created from clay and angels who were created from light. According to Islamic tradition, in contrast to angels, who do not possess free will, both humans and Jinn possess free will and can be good or evil, and just like humans can belong to any religion.

As the origin of the word suggests, these beings are “concealed” and are often thought of as existing in a parallel but unseen realm where they cannot typically be detected by humans, however, they can interact with them and cause them harm.

Muslims are expected to believe in the existence of Jinn just as they are expected to believe in the existence of God and angels, as they are mentioned frequently in the Quran. What is not universally agreed upon, however, is where the lines between folklore and Islamic teachings tend to blur, especially with regards to Jinn possession of humans, black magic and psychiatric illnesses.

The linguistic relationship between the words “Jinn” and “Majnoon” (i.e. insane) are particularly interesting because of the prevalence of the belief among Muslims that the origins of some illnesses, particularly mental illnesses, can be attributed to Jinn in one way or another.

Jinn are viewed as agents of black magic (Sihir, سحر), as they carry out maleficent deeds either independently or on behalf of a witch or sorcerer (Sahir, ساحر). They may also be implicated in the Evil Eye (Hasad, حسد), which according to Islamic tradition is caused by envy and “a malevolent wish for the evanescence of blessings from others” (original translation of تمني زوال النعمة من الآخرين).

This understanding is particularly important for practicing psychiatrists seeing Muslim patients, as in many Muslim majority countries, families are much more likely to seek treatment, particularly for mental illnesses and epilepsy, from faith healers than they are from medical professionals. Less informed or less experienced psychiatrists can easily find themselves in a position at odds with a patient’s beliefs or treatments prescribed by a faith healer, even when the treating psychiatrist is also Muslim. Much of the initial work will focus on psychoeducation, collaboration with the family and alignment with existing healing practices that are not viewed as harmful.

Specific problems can arise, however, when addressing certain practices such as exorcisms involving beating and cutting patients, and even outright instructions by faith healers not to take prescribed psychiatric medications so as not to “weaken the spirit” of the possessed battling his literal demons. There is already a great deal of stigma associated with mental illness within Muslim communities, where it may be viewed as a weakness or punishment for a lack of faith. Psychiatrists are often mistrusted, as are their medications, which are commonly thought of as being either harmful or addictive.

It is of course worth noting the cross-cultural and cross-religious similarities that arise when comparing Jinn possession & witchcraft with their counterparts in Christianity and other religions. And as one might expect, while psychiatric illnesses are prevalent worldwide, the manifestation of specific illnesses will draw from the patient’s own cultural background. For a Muslim, auditory hallucinations may be attributed to the voices of Jinn, and OCD commonly manifests as an incapacitating repetition of ablutions or prayers.

It is also worth remarking that while it may seem intuitive to attribute a higher level of “susceptibility” to paranormal and supernatural explanations of events to a higher degree of religiousness, this relationship is far more complex and nuanced, and can be affected by multiple factors including personality type, thinking style and type of education in addition to cultural norms.

In summary, an empathic, culturally informed and non-judgmental approach rooted in a desire to actively learn about a patient’s background is the key to effective psychiatric treatment regardless of religion, and a more nuanced understanding of the perception of the role of Jinn in psychiatric illnesses can be particularly helpful for the effective treatment of Muslim patients.

Jinn in Islamic Theology: Beyond the Veil of the Unseen

In the tapestry of Islamic theology, jinn occupy a pivotal space, their existence intricately intertwined with the core of faith. The belief in jinn within Islam transcends cultural myths or folklore, venturing into the realm of the unquestionable. Their presence is firmly established in the Quran and the sayings of Prophet Muhammad, bestowing upon them a dimension of religious significance that is both profound and integral to the Islamic worldview.

The Quran elucidates the nature of jinn, portraying them as beings with free will, much like humans, capable of both righteousness and sin. One of the most poignant references to jinn in the Quran is found in Surah Al-Jinn (Chapter 72), offering direct insight into their acknowledgment of the divine and their societal structures. For instance, verse 72:11 states, “Among us (jinn), there are some that are righteous, and others that are quite the opposite. We follow diverse (and divergent) paths.” This verse encapsulates the diversity of the jinn, highlighting their capacity for belief and disbelief, as well as their complex societal dynamics, mirroring the human condition in their pursuit of righteousness or deviation.

Much like humans, jinn are believed to have a limited lifespan. Though it is often thought that they live longer than humans, they ultimately face mortality and are held accountable for their deeds. The righteous among them are said to ascend to heaven, while those who have chosen the path of wrongdoing face their own form of torment.

What do we know about the mysterious world of jinn?

In the rich tapestry of Arab folklore, jinn are not mere spectral figures but entities deeply embedded in the cultural and spiritual life of the people. Their perceived supernatural abilities and the roles they play in various narratives reflect the complex relationship between humans and the unseen world.

The most salient characteristics and abilities attributed to jinn in Arab beliefs include:

1. Shape-shifting: The ethereal nature of jinn allows them to take on various forms, both alluring and terrifying. The ‘Sila’ and the ‘Ghoul’ are quintessential examples. The ‘Sila‘ is believed to appear in deserts as a beautiful woman, beguiling lone travelers into perilous or even deadly situations. Conversely, the ‘Ghoul’ is thought to inhabit graveyards, feeding on human flesh and instilling fear in the hearts of those who dare to venture near their domains. Among the most common forms that jinn are believed to take are the serpent and the black cat. Thus, avoiding the killing or harming of such creatures was not just out of respect but also fear of retribution from their kin, acknowledging the interconnectedness of all beings, seen and unseen.

2. Poetic Inspiration and Possession: The connection between jinn and the realms of creativity and madness is profound. Poets of yore often attributed their eloquence and inspiration to a resident jinn whispering verses. This belief extends to the notion of possession, where the term ‘majnun’ (possessed by jinn) encapsulates the idea that jinn can inhabit and influence human thoughts and behavior, linking the condition of madness with the influence of the unseen. The belief in possession is still widespread, with many psychological conditions, mental and behavioral changes, or even failures in relationships and work, being linked to jinn possession.

3. Occult: The narrative that jinn assist sorcerers and soothsayers, conveying secrets pilfered from the heavens, weaves together the realms of the divine and the occult. This belief underscores the complex role of jinn as intermediaries between the celestial and terrestrial realms. In Islamic thought, it is believed that the advent of Prophet Muhammad put an end to such celestial eavesdropping, highlighting the transition of understanding and interaction with the unseen.

4. Habitats and Haunting: Desolate places, ancient homes, and graveyards are often perceived as domains preferred by jinn, a belief that adds layers of mystery and caution to such locales. Unlike the concept of ghosts, which is not prevalent in Islamic thought, these places are not haunted by human spirits but are considered abodes of jinn, further emphasizing the cultural distinction between the concepts of jinn and ghosts.

5. The Lover Jinn : Perhaps one of the most intriguing and enduring beliefs is that of the ‘Lover Jinn’ a being that might develop a profound affection for a human. This concept has woven itself into countless stories and even the notion of possible marital and familial bonds between humans and jinn, reflecting the deeply embedded belief in the intimate, albeit complex, interaction between the seen and unseen worlds.

6. Jinn and Natural Phenomena: In some traditions, jinn are associated with natural phenomena such as whirlwinds, sandstorms, or mirages in the desert. These natural events were sometimes interpreted as manifestations of jinn activity, symbolizing their power and the unpredictable nature of their interaction with the physical world.

7. Jinn in Medicine and Healing: In traditional healing practices, illnesses were sometimes attributed to the influence of jinn. Healers or exorcists, known as ‘raqis,’ were sought to treat such ailments through rituals, prayers, or amulets, reflecting a blend of spiritual and medicinal practices.

معمولا بیشتر افراد وارد شدن جن به بدن انسان را در فیلم‌های ترسناک یا مستند دیده‌اند یا از دیگران شنیده‌اند اما برخی افراد آن را از نزدیک لمس می‌کنند.

در جهان اطراف، بسیاری از موارد به چشم انسان قابل رویت نیستند اما قدرتشان از انسان بیشتر است؛ اشعه X، میکروب‌ها، ویروس‌ها، تک‌سلولی‌ها، الکترون‌ها و همچنین جن‌ها از این جمله اند که نمی‌توان وجود آن‌ها را انکار کرد.متافیزیک به معنی ماوراء الطبیعه شامل بخش‌هایی از جهان بی‌کران است که از حوزه درک حواس 5گانه ظاهری ما خارج است. علم متافیزیک منطبق با فطرت انسان‌ها است و بی‌پایان است. مباحث مهم متافیزیک شامل مبانی، دانش و موجودات متافیزیک است که شامل فرشتگان، جنیان و ابعاد فراطبیعی است.

جن چه فرقی با انسان دارد؟

در بسیاری از کشورها و فرهنگ‌ها جن‌گیرها یا احضارکنندگان ارواح بسیاری وجود دارد که حضور این امر می‌تواند ادعا یا احتمالی برای وجود جن و جنیان باشد. در کتاب مقدس مسلمانان آمده که جنیان از آتش آفریده شده‌اند، آفرینش آن‌ها به قبل از آفرینش انسان بازمی‌گردد، مذکر و مونث دارند، دارای تمایلات انسانی هستند و تعداد آن‌ها بیش از انسان‌ها است و مانند انسان می‌میرند.

از آنجا که نوع خلقت جنیان با انسان‌ها متفاوت است، مکان و نحوه زندگی و ویژگی‌های آن‌ها نیز با انسان‌ها تفاوت بسیاری دارد. به طور کلی، جن نام دسته‌ای از موجودات فراطبیعی است که بسیاری از ادیان الهی نیز به وجود آن اشاره کرده‌اند و علم نیز در تلاش کشف اطلاعات بیشتر راجع‌به آن است.

در مطالعه‌های علمی گفته شده است که جن از پلاسما تشکیل شده است. بنابر باورهای دینی، جن قبل از انسان آفریده شده است و تفاوت‌های چشمگیری با انسان دارد.

گفته می‌شود کلمه جن به معنای «پنهان» به موجودی اشاره دارد که دارای حرکات سریع است و قابلیت سفر در زمان و مکان را دارد. جن به اشکال متفاوت درمی‌آید و قدی کوتاه‌تر از انسان دارد و قابلیت تولیدمثل دارد. جن از پسمانده‌های انسان از طریق مزه کردن یا بو کشیدن تغذیه می‌کند. ریشه کلمه جن در زبان فرانسه به معنای «روح» است.

جن از منظر اسلام چگونه موجودی است؟

جن موجودی است که قرآن به آن اشاره کرده و وجود دارد. همان طور که سوره‌ای در قرآن به جن نام گذاری شده ،جن یعنی مخفی یا پوشیده به تعبیری دیگر همانطور که جنین در بدن مادر پنهان است و ما قادربه دیدن آن نیستیم ولی وجود دارد، جن نیز در عالمی دیگر موازی با ما و پنهان زندگی می‌کند.

برخی معتقدند که اجنه همان شیاطین هستند و برخی هم معتقدند که جدا از شیاطین وموجودی دیگرند، همانطور که در قرآن انسان به تعبیری از خاک است اما در حال حاضر ارتباطی با خاک ندارد بنابراین شیاطین هم می‌توانند از اجنه باشند هم نه، ورود جن به بدن انسان به آن تعبیری که در گذشته رواج داشته نیست. اگر شخصی رفتارهای غیر عادی یا اختلال در عملکرد داشت، اصطلاحا به وی جن زده می‌گفتند. همانطور که اعراب به دیوانه مجنون می‌گویند و با سوراخ کردن بخشی از سر فرد سعی در خارج کردن جن از بدن وی داشتند.

جن زدگی چگونه اتفاق می افتد؟

گفته می‌شود وقتی جن روحی را تسخیر می‌کند ممکن است بعد از آن فرد حافظه یا شخصیت کلی خود را از دست بدهد و هیچکدام از وقایع جن زدگی خود را به یاد نداشته باشد. در واقع در بیشتر موارد با نفوذ جن به روح شخص، صدای او کمی تغییر کرده و حالت صورتش کمی غیر عادی می‌شود به گونه‌ای که چشمان کمی بازتر از حد معمول می‌شود.

معمولا بر اثر جن زدگی فرد کارهایی عجیب و غیر قابل پیش بینی انجام می‌دهد به طوری که کاملا درون گرا شده و ارتباط خود را با دیگران قطع یا محدود می‌کند؛ گاهی اوقات دچار حمله‌های عصبی و روانی می‌شود و بیشتر از قبل ساکت و پرخاشگر می‌شود. گفته می‌شود که این افراد مدتی طولانی به نقطه‌ای نامعلوم خیره می‌شوند یا با اشیاء و فضای خالی صحبت می‌کنند. بسیاری افرادی که جن بر آن‌ها غالب می‌شود نا خود آگاه دچار کبودی و جراحاتی در سطح پوست خود می‌شوند و نمی‌توانند علت آن را پیدا کنند.

علائم جن زدگی چیست؟

بیشتر افراد جن زده بدن بسیار سردی دارند به طوری که با نزدیک شدن به آن‌ها یا گرفتن دستانشان ممکن است احساس سرمای شدیدی به شما دست دهد. برخی از تحقیقات انجام‌شده به این موضوع اشاره کرده‌اند که هنگام نزدیک شدن جن، تغییر دمایی در محیط اطراف حس می‌شود که ممکن است به علت انرژی باشد که این موجودات حامل آن هستند. برخی از محققان این انرژی را انرژی الکترومغناطیسی می‌دانند که باعث کاهش مادون قرمز و انرژی محیط و به دنبال آن سبب کاهش دما می‌شود. به همین دلیل است که بیشتر افراد جن زده مانند یخچال سرد هستند.

به طور کلی مهم‌ترین علائم جن زدگی اختلالات رفتاری و روانی، انزوا، میل شدید به تنهایی، پرخاشگری، بی اشتهایی، افسردگی، تند مزاجی، کاهش وزن شدید، آسیب‌های جسمی به بدن، صحبت کردن راجع امور فراطبیعی، اشاره به دوست یا فردی که وجود خارجی ندارد، سردرد، خستگی، بی حوصلگی و تشنج است.

چرا جن وارد بدن انسان می‌شود؟

اظهار نظر در خصوص صحت و سقم داخل شدن جن به بدن انسان کار آسانی نیست، هر چند ساختار وجودی انسان و جن به گونه ای نیست که چنین اصطکاکاتی بین ما و آن ها باشد ، اما در هر صورت امکان آزار و اذیت شدن انسانی توسط اشرار جن عقلا محال نیست، همان طور که ممکن است هر انسانی توسط یک انسان شرور دیگر و یا هر حیوان موذی مورد اذیت و آزار قرار بگیرد.

با وجود اینکه جن‌ها نمی‌توانند انسان‌ها را به طور شفاف ببینند و تنها انسان‌ها را به شکل تصاویری تار می‌بینند، گاهی با انگیزه‌های مختلفی وارد بدن انسان‌ها می‌شوند. برخی جن‌ها می‌توانند با انسان‌ها ارتباط برقرار کنند یا به دورن آن‌ها نفوذ کنند و کنترل افراد را به دست بگیرند.

در واقع، بیشتر جن‌ها احتمالا انسان‌ها را مانند ارواحی در نظر می‌گیرند که در دنیای موازی آن‌ها زندگی می‌کنند. شاید بتوانیم بگوییم همانطور که در دنیای ما جن‌ها دور از تصور هستند، در دنیای آن‌ها نیز ما حکم موجوداتی دور از ذهن را داریم که برای رویت ما باید به دنیایمان نفوذ کنند.

برخی مطالعات متافیزیکی حاکی از آن است که جن نیز برخی خصوصیات رفتاری و احساسی انسان را دارد و ممکن است به علت انتقام، خشم، حسادت، علاقه یا تنها به علت شرارت یا نیروهای اهریمنی وارد بدن فردی شود و به منظور برآورد نیازهای خود و رسیدن به هدف کنترل فرد را به دست بگیرد.

از نظر علمی جن‌زدگی چیست؟

به علت کم بودن تحقیقات علمی انجام‌گرفته در مورد جن و جن زدگی، برخی زیست‌شناسان و محققان احتمال وجود جن و سایر موجودات فراطبیعی را انتزاعی می‌دانند و آن را مرتبط با متافیزیک در نظر می‌گیرند. در واقع ، در علم متافیزیک، جن یکی از موجودات مهم است. در بیشتر تحقیقات انجام شده جن را موجودی آفریده‌شده از آتش در کالبدی دارای انرژی فرض کرده‌اند.

به گفته محققان، برخی از بیماران روانی به‌خصوص افرادی که از بیماری شیزوفرنی رنج می‌برند از وجود جن‌ها یا وارد شدن آن‌ها به بدنشان سخن می‌گویند و بیشتر توهمات خود را به این موجودات نسبت می‌دهند. بر این اساس، برخی دانشمندان و محققان بر این نکته تاکید دارند که در بسیاری از فرهنگ‌ها جن‌زدگی نوعی بیماری روانی محسوب می‌شود و به جای جن‌گیر یا احضارکننده روح بهتر است به روان‌شناس مراجعه شود.

به گفته آن‌ها، افرادی که از برخی بیماری‌های روانی رنج می‌برند موجوداتی را تحت عنوان جن می‌بینند که فکر می‌کنند بر وجود آن‌ها نفوذ می‌کنند و با کنترل رفتار و عقل به آن‌ها یا دیگران آسیب می‌رسانند. در مطالعه‌ای که رابطه بین نفوذ جن و بیماری روانی مد نظر بود 105 مقاله شامل 47 مورد بررسی شد.

در این بررسی، 66 درصد موارد از بیماری و مشکلات روانی رنج می‌بردند. حدود نیمی از موارد به بیماری شیزوفرنی مبتلا بودند و سایرین نیز درگیر برخی از مشکلات روانی و عصبی بودند. برخی از این محققین بر این باور هستند که تصور این افراد از جن درمان آن‌ها را تحت‌الشعاع قرار می‌دهد و سبب می‌شود حتی پس از تشخیص بیماری روانی یا عصبی، بیمار به پزشک مراجعه نکند یا همکاری لازم را برای بهبود خود انجام ندهد.

آیا می‌توان جن زدگی را درمان کرد؟

وقتی فرد دچار علائم جن زدگی می‌شود، در ابتدا او را نزد پزشک روان شناس می‌برند و در برخی موارد با انجام اسکن‌های مغزی و آزمایش‌های متعدد ریشه چنین رفتاری با مشکلات روحی و روانی همچون بیماری شیزوفرنی مرتبط می‌شود و می‌توان با جلسات مشاوره و مصرف دارو این بیماری را مهار کرد.

به عنوان مثال، گاهی برخی افراد به علت شکست‌های شغلی، عاطفی، احساسی، اجتماعی، خانوداگی و فردی از زندگی ناامید شده و طی روندی کوتاه مدت به جن و نیروهای اهریمنی روی می‌آورند و در این حالت آن‌ها دچار مشکلات روانی شده‌اند که باید هرچه سریع‌تر درمان شوند.

اما گاهی اوقات علم پزشکی برای درمان برخی افراد جن زده نمی‌تواند راهی از پیش ببرد و معمولا در این موارد خود فرد نیز همکاری نمی‌کند. در این صورت می‌گویند جن یا نیروهای اهریمنی وارد بدن او شده و بر عقل و رفتار فرد جن زده مسلط شده است. در این صورت بسیاری افراد بر این باورند که باید با احضار روح و کمک جن‌گیر فرد بیمار را درمان کرد.

در منابع مختلف از جمله کتب مقدس و دینی و همچنین در احادیث و کتب علمی از جن یاد شده است. دانشمندان غیرایرانی بیشتر از جن به عنوان ارواح یا روح‌های صدادار یاد می‌کنند. در این میان، برخی افراد و ادیان وجود آن را باور ندارند و مشاهده جن یا جن زدگی را نوعی بیماری روانی در نظر می‌گیرند.

چه کنیم جن به سراغ ما نیاید؟

در روایتی از امام صادق (ع) است که می‌فرماید خانه‌های خود را از حدی بلندتر نگیرید تا سکونت گاه جنیان نشود. با توجه به تعارضاتی که بین اجنه و انسان وجود دارد احتمال ورود آنها به دنیای انسان و آزار رساندن وجود دارد. در روایاتی دیگر وقتی حضرت رسول برای تبلیغ دین به دیدار اجنه می‌روند برخی مسلمان می‌شوند و برخی کافر می‌مانند . جنگیر به آن معنا وجود ندارد ولی هر اصلی فرعی هم دارد و جنگیر ها جز دسته دوم هستند و از شیادین محسوب می‌شوند.

جنگیری یا تسخیر جن در قرآن حرام است و کسی که این کار را انجام دهد در واقع خود تسخیر جن شده زیرا اجنه کافر گاهی به دنیای انسانها وارد شده و اجازه نمی‌دهند فرد تسخیر شده مسلمان از دنیا برود. برای دوری گزیدن از این پدیده می‌توان از جمله زیبای "بسم‌الله الرحمن الرحیم" استفاده کرد به خصوص زمانی که در جایی می‌خواهیم بنشینیم یا به هنگام برخواستن یا آتش روشن کردن از آیه بسم‌الله الرحمن الرحیم استفاده کرده تا اجنه دور شوند.

برای اینکه خانه مأمنی برای جنیان نشود حتی‌الامکان از مرتفع کردن خانه‌ها بپرهیزید و در صورت داشتن ارتفاع، نوشتن آیت‌الکرسی را بر بلندای خانه فراموش نکنید چون اجنه پرنده هستند و می‌توانند در آن نقاط ساکن شده و به مرور مزاحمت برای ساکنین ایجاد کنند.

به هنگام تولد حضرت محمد طبق روایات اجنه از ورود به آسمان ها و کشف اسرار عالم محروم شدند همانطور که در قرآن آمده مرگ حضرت سلیمان تا چند روز بر آنها پوشیده بود و این نشان می‌دهد که آنها به همه علوم دسترسی نداشته بنابراین همه آینده را نمی‌دانند .

اجنه از طریق وسوسه به انسان ها مسلط می‌شوند بنابراین برای وسوسه‌های شیاطین و اجنه کافر به قرآن و خواندن سوره های مربوط به این امر مراجعه کنید.

In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

First and foremost, we would like to stress the fact that a Muslim always resorts to Allah, takes refuge in Him from Satan and his whispers. We are taught to ward of Satan whenever he tries to approach us. The way is very simple and easy. Just you say few words and Satan takes to his heels. The simple statement is ‘A`odhu Billahi Minash-Shaytan Ar-Rajeem.’(I seek refuge in Allah from the Accursed Satan). So as to get rid of satanic whispers, a Muslim is commanded to stick to reciting the two Protective Qur'anic surahs: surat An-Nas and surat Al-Falaq, as well as Ayat ul-Kursi and surat Al-Baqarah.

As for your question concerning supernatural powers given to some people, Sheikh `Atiyyah Saqr, former Head of Al-Azhar Fatwa Committee, states the following:

"The word "magic" is mentioned in the Qur'an 60 times. Almighty Allah says: "And follow that which the devils falsely related against the kingdom of Solomon. Solomon disbelieved not; but the devils disbelieved, teaching mankind magic and that which was revealed to the two angels in Babel, Harut and Marut. Nor did they (the two angels) teach it to anyone till they had said: We are only a temptation, therefore disbelieve not (in the guidance of Allah). And from these two (angels) people learn that by which they cause division between man and wife; but they injure thereby no one save by Allah's leave. And they learn that which harm them and profit them not. And surely they do know that he who traffic therein will have no (happy) portion in the Hereafter; and surely evil is the price for which they sell their souls, if they but knew." (Al-Baqarah: 102 )?

The verse has the following implications:

1. Magic has been known as a well-established fact regardless of it changing the forms of things.
2. Magic involves things that may be beneficial or harmful, as Allah says: " learn that by which they cause division between man and wife." (Al-Baqarah: 102)
3. Magic cannot have any effect save by the Will of Almighty Allah, as Allah says: " but they injure thereby no one save by Allah's leave." (Al-Baqarah: 102)
4. Adhering to magic renders one a disbeliever, as Allah says: " but the devils disbelieved, teaching mankind magic."

The views of Muslim scholars carry culminate in the following:

1. Attributing the effect of the magic to anything other than Allah renders one a disbeliever.
2. Practicing magic or sorcery for the sake of harming people is totally forbidden. Based on this, it is a form of disbelief to torture people with a magic spell or subject them to the evil of jinn.
3. As for the most common belief that some people possess extraordinary powers that enable them to do strange things, this is has no basis in Islam. Almighty Allah never grants some of His creatures powers to do evil to people but it happens that some people resort to superstition to do evil to people, and this takes the ruling applied to magic.

The most important point, for a Muslim is to seek Allah's help, strengthen his relationship with Him, try his best to do good and do not let superstitions or imaginations invade his mind so that is does not drive him to the pit of sins. One should have strong belief in Allah and His Absolute Power, as the Prophet says: "If people gather to confer a favor on you, this will never be done unless it has been predestined for you. And, if they conspire together to harm you, they will never harm you unless that has been predestined for you."

Allah Almighty knows best.

All societies have heard of or have had some experience with “paranormal activity”, whether named extra-terrestrial, ghosts, spirits or evil forces, there is a universal understanding that something exists alongside us. Some scientists may explain these events with the idea of life in space, realists suggest it is matters of the mind, and others may take on a more spiritual approach i.e. demonic possession. Islam acknowledges this activity and “other” being as the Jinn, and culturally this essentially means mental health problem. There is so much to cover, and much that has been left out – but this is a little attempt in trying to condense the world of the Jinn into a short (longer than normal) post to try and clear up any misconceptions between the jinn world and mental health issues.

Ibn Abdul Barr said: “The jinn, according to the scholars of languages are of different types:

1. The jinn of themselves – “jinni”
2. The jinn that live among mankind – “aamar”.
3. The Jinn that bother the young – “arwaah”
4. The evil Jinn that bother humans are “shayateen”
5. The strongest, and most harmful of the Jinn is called – “afreet”

Another type of Jinn is the “Qareen” which the Prophet (saw) told us about, the Qareen is important to be aware of in order to try to avoid the fitna which the Qareen causes such as encouraging to pursue temptations and evil whisperings

Here Is Signs of Jinn In The House

There is some indication by which you may know that you have Jinn in your house, like:

1. You may notice Darkness and weird smells in the corners of your home.
2. Seeing snakes in the house.
3. Surrounded by negative emotions and Feeling depressed and alone all the time.
4. Feeling suffocated like someone is standing near you. It could be because someone has left gin on you with the help of evil things and black magic.
5. Falling sick and different parts of the body became cold.
6. Obstacles in offering Namaz or any Halal deed.
7. Havings nightmares and overthinking all the time.
8. Doing Haram things again and again without wanting to.

Jinn-related diseases:

1. Psychosomatic disorders are conditions which cause troublesome, distressing physical symptoms, caused by the autonomic nervous system not functioning correctly. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions within the body - such as your heart rate, blood pressure, digestion as well as other functions.
2. Other than dissociative conditions many other neurological or psychiatric conditions have been associated with jinn possession including epilepsy, delirium, Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, mood disorders, emotionally unstable personality disorder, stress disorders, OCD, psychosomatic disorder and ...
3. Jinn Causing OCD: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disorder in which people have recurring, unwanted thoughts, ideas or sensations (obsessions) that make them feel driven to do something repetitively (compulsions).
4. OCD is also known as “the doubting disorder” or in Islam known ad 'Waswas' meaning 'whisperings of Shaitan'. Muslims who suffer from OCD will normally relate it to their faith which is categorized as Scrupulosity and affects every day of worship such as wudu, prayer, cleanliness.
5. PANDAS is short for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections. A child may be diagnosed with PANDAS when: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorder, or both suddenly appear following a streptococcal (strep) infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever.
6. Infertility Caused by Decreased Oxygen Utilization and Jinn
7. In Islam, people with Schizophrenia were included in people with disability which is a mental disability, it makes these people not eligible to perform salat (prayer or worship) and dhikr because of lack self-awareness.

معمولا بیشتر افراد وارد شدن جن به بدن انسان را در فیلم‌های ترسناک یا مستند دیده‌اند یا از دیگران شنیده‌اند اما برخی افراد آن را از نزدیک لمس می‌کنند.در جهان اطراف، بسیاری از موارد به چشم انسان قابل رویت نیستند اما قدرتشان از انسان بیشتر است؛ اشعه X، میکروب‌ها، ویروس‌ها، تک‌سلولی‌ها، الکترون‌ها و همچنین جن‌ها از این جمله اند که نمی‌توان وجود آن‌ها را انکار کرد. متافیزیک به معنی ماوراء الطبیعه شامل بخش‌هایی از جهان بی‌کران است که از حوزه درک حواس 5گانه ظاهری ما خارج است. علم متافیزیک منطبق با فطرت انسان‌ها است و بی‌پایان است. مباحث مهم متافیزیک شامل مبانی، دانش و موجودات متافیزیک است که شامل فرشتگان، جنیان و ابعاد فراطبیعی است.

جن زدگی ویژگی است که به بسیاری از رفتارهای غیر معمول انسانها داده می شود. این اصلاح را بارها شنیده ایم که می گویند فردی جن زده شده است یا به جن زدگی مبتلا شده است. این افراد معمولا کارهای عجیب و غیر قابل پیش بینی انجام می‌دهند و یا ارتباط خود را با دیگران قطع یا محدود می‌کند.

بیماری پانداس نوعی اختلال فیزیکی و روانی است که سبب بروز حالتهای خاصی در فرد مبتلا می شود و بسیاری از افرادی که با این بیماری و علایم آن آشنایی ندارند آن را با جن زدگی اشتباه می گیرند. افرادی که دچار جن زدگی می شوند معمولا حمله‌های عصبی و روانی دارند،بیشتر از قبل پرخاشگر می شوند.

• صرع و تشنج‌های بی‌دلیل و مداوم هم یکی از علائم جن‌زدگی به حساب میاد ولی هر کسی دچار صرع و تشنج بود لزوما جن زده نیست.
• در بعضی بیماری های گوارشی هنگام هضم غذا، بیمار دچار افکار متغیر و گاها ترسناک میشود، مخصوصا هنگامی که با عفونت همراه باشد که این موارد هم ربطی به جن زدگی ندارد.
• ترس و اضطراب و دلهره و خواب وحشتناک و کابوس دیدن مخصوصا برای خانم های باردار نیز ارتباطی با جن زدگی ندارد. هر کسی در زندگی عادی هم ممکن است دچار کابوس دیدن بشود، بیماری های معده ، روده و عفونت های دندانی و یا مصرف‌کنندگان قرص های مختلف نیز ممکن است با اختلال خواب همراه باشند.
• در فیلم های وحشتناک یا صنعت ترس (با همراه کردن صنعت پورن) با اهداف مختلفی جن زدگی را برای مخاطب تعریف میکنند که همیشه با واقعیت فاصله دارد. بیشتر این فیلم سازان گروه های سنی 15 تا 25 سال را هدف آمال خویش قرار میدهند و متاسفانه با فروش بیشتر محصولاتشان توهم و ترس و بیماری روانی نیز در اقشار مختلف تولید میکنند.

Why are horror movies involving children often the scariest ...

Because children are supposed to be innocents. Things are not supposed to manifest in children so when they do, it is scarier.

“The usual age for the target audience of a horror film is 15- 25. The most common reason for this is that young adults and teenagers enjoy thrills.

Why do we watch horror movies especially at night?

See also:

1. Infertility Caused by Jinn lupinepublishers.com
2. Urological Diseases lupinepublishers.com
3. Jinn and mental health cambridge.org
4. Case Reports Presentations tandfonline.com
5. What horror movie is based on Jinn?
6. What are psychosomatic disorders? patient.info
7. Supernatural 'Jinn' Seen as Cause of Mental Illness livescience.com
8. Possession by ‘Jinn’ as a cause of epilepsy (Saraa): sciencedirect.com
9. The Attribution of Mental Health Problems to Jinn ORIGINAL RESEARCH article frontiersin.org/articles

How Demons can cause more negative, anxious thoughts and leave you empty.

A demon is a supernatural being, typically associated with evil, prevalent historically in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology, and folklore; as well as in media such as comics, video games, movies, anime, and television series.

Some of the common causes for Negative thinking are:

• + Worry about the present
• - Concern about future
• - Embarrassment or shame about past actions
• - Illness
• - Personality disorders
• - Substance abuse

Negative Thinking Patterns

Unlike self-defeating beliefs, negative thinking patterns are not always with you. Rather, they only surface when you are faced with an issue. Also known as cognitive distortions, these negative thoughts come to mind during times of stress and reinforce your self-defeating beliefs.

For instance, perhaps you hold the self-defeating belief that your worth is solely defined by your achievements. You may feel okay as long as you are able to consistently reach your goals. However, when faced with unforeseen setbacks or obstacles, negative thinking patterns may cause you to over-analyze or exaggerate the severity of a situation, ultimately triggering unfounded anxiety.

In such circumstances, you may begin to have negative thoughts, such as labeling yourself a failure or blaming yourself for not reaching your goal. You may think to yourself, “I will never be a success” or “it must not have been meant to be.” Over time, these thoughts can lower self-esteem and may even contribute to symptoms of depression.

Negative thinking is a natural part of our lives. Every one of us experiences multiple negative thoughts during a day. They are our normal responses to failures and despair. As long as we deal with them the right way and eliminate their adverse effects, negative thoughts remain harmless.

Negative thinking turns deadly when ignored or allowed to do its dirty tricks on our minds. Prolonged bouts of negative thinking can pose serious mental as well as physical health problems, affecting the overall wellbeing of the person.

When you succumb to extended periods of negative thinking, the stress levels in your body go up as it gets into a “fight or flight” mode. The body’s coping mechanism for stress gets activated by releasing stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. This makes you more alert and focused.

Stress within limits can be helpful and not detrimental to health. When it goes beyond this stage, stress can wreak havoc with the mental and physical balance. The body’s reaction to cope with stress leads to numerous ailments such as lowered immune system and malfunctioning of the digestive system.

Here are 6 tips for overcoming negative thinking.

1. Replace Negativity in Your Surroundings. What you let into your mind in your everyday life can have an impact on your thoughts. ...
2. Exercise. ...
3. Talk It Over. ...
4. Find a Way to Serve. ...
5. Find a Way to Be Grateful. ...
6. Write Down What You Are Feeling.

Some of the ways that you can get rid of negative thoughts include:

1. Using mindfulness to build self-awareness
2. Identifying negative thoughts
3. Replacing negative thoughts with more realistic, positive ones
4. Practicing acceptance rather than trying to avoid or deny negative thoughts
5. Learning to cope with feedback and criticism
6. Using a diary to track your thoughts

How to avoid Negative thinking?

1. Accept the existence of good and bad

Recognize that the world is not perfect; it is not a place only for the good, bad coexists. The acceptance of this worldly truth can help you become a realistic optimist, a step up from an idealist. The more you understand the workings of the world, the better off you would be and the more focused, productive, and happier you would be.

2. Keep positive company

Surround yourself with happy, positive people. Their cheerful company would rub off on you and keep your mind from straying into negative territory. Negative thoughts are known to be contagious. Be careful about catching it from someone else. Spending time with people who love and care for you can do you a world of good.

3. Practice positivity

Being positive is a habit that can be developed with persistent practice. Learn to view things and people through the lens of positivity. Participating in activities that elevate your mood such as hobbies, meditation, and family time are found to be helpful. Take care to engage in positive conversations and watch movies and media with positive content.

4. Live in the moment

That is one of the most important pieces of advice for those struggling with negative thoughts. Ruminating on negative happenings is a regular pastime of such people, thus making matters worse. By living in the moment, they can focus on the task at hand without being distracted by past errors and fears and worries about the future.

5. Practice gratitude

When your mind is filled with the feeling of gratitude, you will be overflowing with joy and positive thoughts. There will be no room left for negative thinking.

6. Practice forgiveness

Often your negative thoughts are linked to the injustice meted out to you by someone. Filling your mind with negative thoughts about the unfairness of the whole episode is going to pull you down further. Instead, if you can forgive the person and learn to move on, you can prevent further damage to yourself. Remember that forgiveness benefits the forgiver more.

We are our own worst critics. We examine our failures minutely and analyze them forever. What exactly do we achieve with that? Instead, learn from the failures and move on. Do not crucify yourself for your mistakes. Learn to forgive yourself.

Our guide to forgive yourself for something unforgivable may be of interest to you.

7. Help others

There is nothing better to improve your positive energy than engage in voluntary service. Helping others without expecting anything in return can fill you up with abounding happiness. The selfless act improves your self-worth and offers you distraction from your worries. The act of helping others benefits you more than the recipient of your largesse.

8. Assume responsibility

Taking on the role of the victim may work well in the short term but it will ultimately cause irreparable harm. The victim mentality breeds negativity and hence needs to be stopped. Take charge of your thoughts, words, and actions. Focus on things that you can control. Remember that your happiness lies in your hands.

9. Physical exercise

Exercising releases endorphins, a neurochemical associated with the “feel good” mental state. They are known to improve mental health in addition to making you healthier and fitter. The improved physical fitness can also act as a morale booster and adds to the sentiments of happiness and self-worth.

10. Eat balanced meals

What we eat is known to contribute substantially to our physical as well as mental health. To develop a positive attitude and to keep negative thoughts at bay, it is important to adopt a balanced diet. Minimize intake of wrong food groups such as sugar, salt, refined grains, fried and fatty foods. Include healthier options like vegetables, fruits, lean meat, fish, eggs, whole grains, and milk products.

Reference:

• bibliatodo.com/En/online-sermons/how-demons-can-cause-negative-thinking
• abundancenolimits.com/how-to-get-rid-of-negative-thoughts-spiritually
• verywellmind.com/how-to-change-negative-thinking-3024843
• notionofhope.com/what-is-a-demon

See also: 5 Ways to Stop Spiraling Negative Thoughts from Taking Control

An incubus is a demon in male form who, according to mythological and legendary traditions, lies upon sleeping women in order to engage in sexual activity with them. Its female counterpart is a succubus. Salacious tales of incubi and succubi have been told for many centuries in traditional societies. Some traditions hold that repeated sexual activity with an incubus or succubus may result in the deterioration of health, an impaired mental state, or even death.

Belief in the supernatural creatures such as Jinn are both an integral part of Islamic belief, and a common explanations in society "for evil, illness, health, wealth, and position in society as well as all mundane and inexplicable phenomena in between".

An incubus (pl. incubi) is a male demon in human form in folklore that seeks to have sexual intercourse with sleeping women; the corresponding spirit in female form is called a succubus.

In Islam and Arabian folklore, the incubus is known as the Hadun الحضون al-Hadun lit. the incubator usually uncountable and Kaboos (Arabic: الكابوس al-Kabūs, lit).

If you've ever woken up in the middle of the night feeling as though you're being crushed by a demonic being, you may have just experienced what's called the incubus phenomenon: an "attack" by a male demon. (Its female counterpart, the succubus, usually attacks men.)

The phenomenon is, in many ways, the quintessential nightmare. For centuries, the incubus demon has been said to haunt sleepers, inspiring tales in traditional folklore as well as works of art.

The word incubus is derived from Late Latin incubo "a nightmare induced by such a demon" from incubare "to lie upon".One of the earliest mentions of an incubus comes from Mesopotamia on the Sumerian King List, c. 2400 BC, where the hero Gilgamesh's father is listed as Lilu. It is said that Lilu disturbs and seduces women in their sleep, while Lilitu, a female demon, appears to men in their erotic dreams. Two other corresponding demons appear as well: Ardat lili, who visits men by night and begets ghostly children from them, and Irdu lili, who is known as a male counterpart to Ardat lili and visits women by night and begets from them. These demons were originally storm demons, but they eventually became regarded as night demons because of mistaken etymology.

Incubi were thought to be demons who had sexual relations with women, sometimes producing a child by the woman. Succubi, by contrast, were demons thought to have intercourse with men. Debate about these demons began early in the Christian tradition. St. Augustine touched on the topic in De Civitate Dei ("The City of God"); there were too many alleged attacks by incubi to deny them. He stated "There is also a very general rumor. Many have verified it by their own experience and trustworthy persons have corroborated the experience others told, that sylvans and fauns, commonly called incubi, have often made wicked assaults upon women." Questions about the reproductive capabilities of the demons continued. Eight hundred years later, Thomas Aquinas argued against the possibility of children being conceived by intercourse with demons: "Still, if some are occasionally begotten from demons, it is not from the seed of such demons, nor from their assumed bodies, but from the seed of men, taken for the purpose; as when the demon assumes first the form of a woman, and afterwards of a man; just so they take the seed of other things for other generating purposes". Such a thoroughly human child–like every human–would have a God-created soul and would live by the power of God, the only one who can give life. About three hundred years later, King James, in his dissertation titled Dæmonologie, suggested that a devil would carry out two methods of impregnating women: the first, to steal the sperm out of a dead man and deliver it into a woman.

How do succubus choose their victims?

Telepathy - Succubi can read people's minds so that they can transform into the type of woman their prey desires the most. Supernatural Beauty - The succubus will be beyond the beauty of a normal human woman and is completely irresistible to individual's.

Are succubus good or evil?

In modern representations, a succubus is often depicted as a beautiful seductress or enchantress, rather than as demonic or frightening, to attract people instead of repulsing them.

This is similar to depictions of revenants or vampires and a spirit taking deceased corpse to cause some mischief. It became generally accepted that incubi and succubi were the same demon, able to switch between male and female forms.

Victims may have been experiencing waking dreams or sleep paralysis. The phenomenon of sleep paralysis is well-established. During the fourth phase of sleep (also known as REM sleep), motor centers in the brain are inhibited, producing paralysis.

The reason for this is ultimately unknown but the most common explanation is that this prevents one from acting out one's dreams. Malfunctions of this process can either result in somnambulism (sleepwalking) or, conversely, sleep paralysis—where one remains partially or wholly paralysed for a short time after waking.

Additional to sleep paralysis is hypnagogia. In a near-dream state, it is common to experience auditory and visual hallucinations. Mostly these are forgotten upon fully waking or soon afterwards, in the same manner as dreams. However, most people remember the phenomenon of hearing music or seeing things in near-sleep states at some point in their lives.

Typical examples include a feeling of being crushed or suffocated, electric "tingles" or "vibrations", imagined speech and other noises, the imagined presence of a visible or invisible entity, and sometimes intense emotions of fear or euphoria and orgasmic feelings.

These often appear quite real and vivid; especially auditory hallucinations of music which can be quite loud, indistinguishable from music being played in the same room. Humanoid and animal figures, often shadowy or blurry, are often present in hypnagogic hallucinations, more so than other hallucinogenic states. This may be a relic of an ancient instinct to detect predatory animals.

The combination of sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucination could easily cause someone to believe that a "demon was holding them down". Nocturnal arousal etc. could be explained away by creatures causing otherwise guilt-producing behavior. Add to this the common phenomena of nocturnal arousal and nocturnal emission, and all the elements required to believe in an incubus are present.

On the other hand, some victims of incubi may have been the victims of real sexual assault. Some authors speculate that rapists may have attributed the rapes of sleeping women to demons in order to escape punishment. Robert Masello asserts that a friend or relative is at the top of the list in such cases and would be kept secret by the intervention of "spirits".

Incubus is a nocturnal demon that sexually assaults humans in their sleep. It can be defeated by holy relics, sacred words, exorcism, and faith.

Succubi and incubi, seductive demons, tempt humans with lust, vanity, and pride.

They can be male or female and have different forms.

What is the most sinful act in the Bible?

Pride is known as hubris (from the Ancient Greek ὕβρις) or futility; it is considered the original and worst of the seven deadly sins—the most demonic—on almost every list. Pride is also thought to be the source of the other capital sins. Pride is viewed as the opposite of humility.

Do incubus exist in Islam?

In Islam and Arabian folklore, the incubus is known as the Hadun الحضون al-Hadun lit.

Can a succubus turn good?

Despite their fearsome reputation, succubi are not always evil. Some may turn their back on their demonic heritage and use their powers for good, although this is rare.

What is a half succubus called?

In European mythology and literature, a cambion (/ˈkæmbiən/) is the offspring produced from a human–demon sexual union, typically involving an incubus or a succubus. In the word's earliest known uses, it was interchangeable with changeling.

See also:

• How can you get rid of an incubus/succubus from your home immediately?
• Can a succubus and incubus be together?
• What does a succubus want?